How do private equity funds differ from venture capital funds when both deal with non-public securities?

a -Private equity funds invest in non-listed securities and venture capital funds invest in start-ups

b -Venture capitalists fund start-up and growth stage companies before going public (or getting acquired) and private equity firms take public firms private by buying all of the shares

c -They are essentially the same

d-Private equity investments have high business risk offset by low leverage