How does Complex Adaptive Systems Theory help us explain and predict how to manage effectively in a "white$-$water," dynamicaly changing world?

CAS predicts that change happens rapidly and randomly, so managers should focus on reacting to each situation as it comes up

CAS predicts that short periods of change will be followed by long periods of calm, so managers will be most successful if they just wait out periods of change and not make any big decisions

CAS predicts that developing plans and ideas organically $($bottom $$ up$)$ will be more successful than developing plans and ideas hierarchically $($top $-->$ down$),$ so managers should involve employees in developing a response to changing conditions

CAS predicts it will take a lot of big changes to create small results, so managers will be most effective if they change the mission, vision, and goals of an organization several times each year.