"How does mass transfer affect the efficiency of distillation processes in chemical engineering? Discuss the principles of mass transfer in distillation towers, including vapor$-$liquid equilibrium and diffusion mechanisms. Explain the factors influencing mass transfer rates such as temperature, pressure, and interfacial area. Analyze the importance of proper tray or packing design to enhance mass transfer efficiency. Additionally, discuss the role of mass transfer in separating components based on their volatility and molecular weight in distillation."