"How does soil compaction affect the load$-$bearing capacity of foundations in civil engineering projects? Explain the role of water content and soil type in compaction. Discuss the methods used to achieve optimal compaction in construction projects, considering factors like equipment selection, compaction energy, and moisture control. Additionally, analyze the consequences of poor compaction on structural integrity and longevity. Provide examples of real$-$world applications where proper compaction techniques are crucial for ensuring the stability and durability of built infrastructure."