How does the $4$th Amendment limit how evidence can be gathered for use in a criminal proceeding?

Evidence can be gathered in any way necessary as long as it leads to a criminal conviction

Without exceptions, officers and agents of the government need a judge to approve a search warrant before searching for or taking evidence

With a few exceptions, officers and agents of the government need a legislator to approve a search warrant before searching for or taking evidence

With a few exceptions, officers and agents of the government need a judge to approve a search warrant before searching for or taking evidence