How does the application of advanced geotechnical engineering principles impact the design and construction of deep foundation systems in urban environments characterized by complex soil profiles and high$-$rise structures? Consider the interplay between soil mechanics, structural dynamics, and construction methodologies in optimizing the performance and longevity of deep foundation systems. Explore how factors such as soil$-$structure interaction, load transfer mechanisms, and ground improvement techniques influence the selection and design of deep foundation elements, such as piles and caissons, to ensure stability, mitigate settlement, and withstand lateral forces. Additionally, analyze the role of innovative monitoring and modeling techniques, including numerical simulations and remote sensing technologies, in assessing the behavior and integrity of deep foundation systems over their lifecycle. Finally, discuss the challenges and opportunities associated with implementing sustainable and resilient foundation solutions amidst evolving urban landscapes and changing environmental conditions.