HOW H$.$ D$.$ MOORE SOLVED THE PENTAGON'S DILEMMA In late $1999,$ the US Pentagon faced a serious crisis against its computer net$-$ works. The headquarters of the US Department of Defense, the Pentagon, announced it was under a coordinated series of sophisticated attacks $($CIO Institute bulletin on computer security, $1999).$ A newly released tool, Nmap, made it rather easy for anyone to scan networks for services and vulnerabilities. The Pentagon feared that some attackers were using Nmap to identify and map vulnerabilities in the Pentagon's massive computer network. An Nmap scan proves rather easy to detect, correlate to the attacker's address and then geo$-$locate that IP address. However, the attackers used an advanced option in Nmap. Instead of just sending scans from their specific attacker addresses, they included decoy scans that appeared to originate from many places around the world $($CIO$,1999).$ The Pentagon experts had difficulty dis$-$ tinguishing between actual scans and the decoy scans. While experts pored over massive reams of data logs with theoretical methods for analysis, a seventeen$-$year$-$old from Austin, TX finally presented a working solution. H$.$D$.$ Moore, legendary creator of the attack framework Metasploit, met with Stephen Northcutt from the NAVY Shadow project. The teenager Questions: $1)$ What do you think HD Moore did?