How to operate these command in Kali linux?

fdisk $-$l

md$5$sum $/$dev$/$sdb $>./$md$5$SumSource.txt $($can also use sha$1$sum etc$)$

dcfldd

dcfldd if$=/$dev$/$sdb of$=./$DCFLDD$.$img hashlog $=./$md$5$SumDCFLDDHash.txt

blockdev $--$getbsz $/$dev$/$sdb

file DCFLDD$.$img

apt$-$get install kpartx

man kpartx

To mount all the partitions in a raw disk image:

kpartx $-$av DCFLDD$.$img

This will output lines such as:

add map loop$1$p$1(252$:$0)$: $01979392$ linear $/$dev$/$loop$12048$

The loop$1$p$1$ is the name of a device file under $/$dev$/$mapper which

you can use to access the partition, for example to fsck it:

fsck $/$dev$/$mapper$/$loop$1$p$1$

When you're done, you need to remove the devices:

kpartx $-$d disk.img

mount $/$dev$/$mapper$/$loop$1$p$1/$media$/$FlashDriveImage$/-$o ro

md$5$deep, sha$1$deep, sha$256$deep etc $($hashdeep$)$

dc$3$dd

sha$1$sum $/$dev$/$sdb $>./$sha$1$sum.txt

dc$3$dd if$=/$dev$/$sdb of$=./$DC$3$DD$.$img hash$=$sha$1$ hlog $=./$sha$1$SumDC$3$DDHash.txt

dd

sha$256$sum $/$dev$/$sdb $>./$sha$256$sum.txt

dd if$=/$dev$/$sdb of$=./$dd$.$img

Manually hash and compare hashes $($dd does not have built$-$in hashing$)$

fdisk $-$h

fdisk with a device will enter into "manipulation$/$command$"$ mode

For fun, create a new partition on your USB drive and delete the partition you just created.

parted is a better tool than fdisk

man parted

df $-$h $($df displays the disk space available on the file system$)$

graphical utility