How would affirmative action be best described?

Question $22$ options:

A$)$ an attempt by the federal government to give historically disadvantaged groups an equal opportunity at finding a job and getting an education

B$)$ an attempt by the federal government to give historically disadvantaged groups an unequal opportunity at finding a job and getting an education over whites

C$)$ an attempt by the liberals at social engineering to give minorities an unequal opportunity at finding a job over truly qualified candidates

D$)$ an attempt by the federal government to give historically disadvantaged groups jobs