How would I solve this question?

5. [9 marks] In the diagram at the right, the 2x2 shaded square centred at the origin is bounded by the lines x = +1 andy = +1. Thus the grid lines are 1 unit apart. The diagram depicts an affine transformation T that maps the starting square into the 2x1 rec- tangle in the diagram. (a) [2 marks] Use the structure theorem to get a formula for T of the form "(]) = [ aM= Then simplify your expression. (b) [2 marks] T can be obtained as a dilation followed by a rota- tion followed by a translation. Write a formula for T that displays these three steps: (c) [2 marks] T can be obtained as a translation, followed by a di- lation followed by a rotation about the origin. Write a formula for I that displays these three steps, and carefully sketch the two in- termediate stages on the diagram below