I. Basic combustion calculation

A waste incineration facility has conceived of a project idea to cofire Municipal Solid Waste $($MSW$)$ and Sewage sludge $($SS$).$ A predried sample has to be first sent to a certified Laboratory for a detailed compositional analysis.

The combined fuel has an overall Dry Solid $($DS$)$ content of $45$ wt$.-\%.$ Given the lab analysis of a predried sample $(10\mathrm{.}2$ wt$-\%)$ and the overall water content $($see the value for DS$),$ proceed with the necessary basic combustion calculations. The Gross Calorific Value $($GCV$)$ of the Laboratory analysis is also determined and reported.

a$)$ Calculate the fuel compositions for:

i$.$ water free stat $[$wf$]$

ii$.$ water ash free $[$waf$]$

iii. the raw state

b$)$ Determin

i$.$ NCV $($Hl$)$ of the fuel overall fuel

ii$.$ the NCV $($Hl$)$ using the Boe equation

iii. Does the results of the emperical formular $($Boie equation$)$ defers significantly from the value calclate in b$($i$)$

C$)$ This combined waste with DS of $45$ wt$.-\%$ has to be incinerated.

i$.$ Indicate whether this combined waste is capable of self$-$sustaining combustion$($using Tienary diagram$)$

ii$.$ Calculate the specific air demand $[$ kgair$/$kgwaste$]$ need to fully incinerate this combined waste

iii. Unsing the NCV values as an alternative to $($C $($ii$)),$ calculate the spefic air demand in $[$ kgair$/$kgwaste$]$

D$)$ The combined fuel is incinerated in a grated firing system with an air ratio of $\backslash$lambda $=1\mathrm{.}95.$

i$.$ What is the expected flue gas composition $[$kg X$1/$kgFuel$]$ and total flue gas amount $[$kg$/$kgFuel$]?$

E$)$ The combustion air is pre$-$heated to $105\backslash$deg C$.$

i$.$ Calculate the flue gas temperature when the heat loss in the system is equivalent to $5\%$ of the combined waste$$s enthalpy $($take reference temperatures to be $0\backslash$deg C$)$

F$)$ Suppose the night shift was operating the incineration facility with an excess air and oxygen in the flue gas is determined to be $6\%$ during the first $3$ hours of the night and $3\mathrm{.}6\%$ during the rest of the night shift. Determin which excess air ratios were the facility operating in both cases?

$1$ X $=[$CO$2,$ O$2,$ N$2,$ SO$2,$ H$2$O$]$