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Schlafly (New Rochelle, NY: Arlington House, 1977). pp. 9-28 Copyright 1977 by Phyllis Schlafly. Reprinted Excerpted from the preface and "Understanding the Difference of The Power of the Positive Woman by Phyllis The groping words I heard implication Phyllis Schlafly, "The thoughts of one who loves life as a woman ..." N: Tot all well-educated, white middle-class family women with energy and abil- ity to spare reacted to the resurgent domesticity of the Cold War years as did Betty Goldstein Friedan. Phyllis Stewart Schlafly is a case in point. The two women had much in common. Separated in age by only three years, both were the first child born to their respective families, the Goldsteins, who were Jewish, and the Stewarts, who were Roman Catholic. Both grew up during the Depression years in Illinois and were valedictorians of their high school classes. Both at- tended women's colleges, Goldstein choosing prestigious Smith College in Mas- sachusetts and Stewart attending College of the Sacred Heart in Maryville, Illinois, before transferring to Washington University in St. Louis. Excelling in college, both entered graduate school, Goldstein studying for an M.A. in psychol- ogy at the University of California, Berkeley, Stewart earning an M.A. in political science at Radcliffe College and Harvard University. (She would later return to Washington University for a law degree.) Both went on to interesting jobs, Stewart as a congressional researcher in Washington, Goldstein as a journalist in New York City. Both subsequently mar- ried, Stewart choosing John Fred Schlafly, Jr., a lawyer and fellow conservative, and Goldstein choosing Carl Friedan, a theatrical producer and later an advertis- ing executive. Both women had children, Schlafly six and Friedan three, whom they reared in suburbia along with the millions of other middle-class families caught up in the resurgent domesticity of the postwar years. Energetic and intelligent, neither found domesticity sufficient. Friedan con- tinued to write, as did Schlafly, who also became a community volunteer, Repub- lican Party activist, and, in 1952, a congressional candidate, winning her primary but losing in the general election. In the early 1960s, both published first books that became best-sellers --Friedan The Feminine Mystique and Schlafly A Choice Not an Echo, a political endorsement of conservative Arizona senator Barry Goldwater, the Republican presidential candidate in 1964. Yet despite these similarities, the personal became political for these two women in ways that would lead them in sharply divergent directions in the years ahead. Friedan's name would become synonymous with a resurgent feminism Schlafly's with antifeminism. Friedan, as a founder and the first president of the National Organization for Women (NOW), would champion equal rights for by permission of Crown PublishersInc. Innes love as a woman, whose credentials od who has learned that fulfillment as a wants a youncy, not a destination Like every human being born into this w the Positive Woman has her share of und sufferings, of unfulfilled desires od the deats. But she will never be weblie's disappointments, because her out that the actions of other people can metal attitude has built her an inner Sendane. To the Positive Woman, her DOCUMENTS 611 women. (For more about the shaping of Friedan's career, see the essay by Daniel Horowitz, pp. 569-580) Schlafly, creator and author of the Phyllis Schlafty Report, would devote her extraordinary energy as well as formidable organizational and Equality between the sexes, she insisted would harm rather than help women. While Schlafly's states' rights stance partially explains her opposition to using the federal government on behalf of sexual equality, more is involved, as is evident in the following document. The cry of women's liberation" leaps out from the lifestyle" sections of newspapers and the pages of slick magazines, from radio speakers nd television screens. Cut loose from past pat- wms of behavior and expectations, women of all ages are searching for their identity--the college woman who has new alternatives thrust upon her via "women's studies" courses, the young woman whose routine is shattered by a chance encounter with a "consciousness-raising session," the woman in her middle years who suddenly finds herself in the "empty-nest syn- drome," the woman of any age whose lover or lifetime partner departs for greener pastures and a younger crop All of these women, thanks to the women's liberation movement, no longer see their pre- dicament in terms of personal problems to be confronted and solved. They see their own dif- ficulties as a little cog in the big machine of establishment restraints and stereotypical in- ustice in which they have lost their own equi- librium. Who am I? Why am I here? Why am I another faceless victim of society's oppres om, a nameless prisoner behind walls too high For a woman to find her identity in the particular set of problems is not a conspiracy against her, but a challenge to her character and her capabilities The first requirement for the acquisition of power by the Positive Woman is to understand the differences between men and women. Your outlook on life, your faith, your behavior, your potential for fulfillment, all are determined by the parameters of your original premise. The Positive Woman starts with the assumption that the world is her oyster. She rejoices in the creative capability within her body and the power potential of her mind and spirit. She un- derstands that men and women are different, and that those very differences provide the key to her success as a person and fulfillment as a woman. The women's liberationist, on the other hand, is imprisoned by her own negative view of herself and of her place in the world around her.... Someone-it is not clear who, perhaps God, perhaps the "Establishment, perhaps a conspiracy of male chauvinist pigs-dealt women a foul blow by making them female. It becomes necessary, therefore, for women to agitate and demonstrate and hurl demands on society in order to wrest from an oppressive male-dominated social structure the status that has been wrongfully denied to women through the centuries.... Confrontation replaces coop- eration as the watchword of all relationships. Women and men become adversaries instead of partners. ... Within the confines of the wom- en's liberationist ideology, therefore, the aboli- tion of this overriding inequality of women becomes the primary goal This goal must be achieved at any and all costs-to the woman herself, to the baby, to the family, and to society. Women must be made equal to men in their ability not to become pregnant and not to be expected to care for babies they may bring into the world. This is why women's liberationists are compulsively involved in the drive to make abortion and me to cimb alone?... modern world, the path should be sought from De Positive Women who have found the road and possess the map, rather than from those We have not. In this spirit, I share with you We foughts of one who loves life as a woman s from the school of practical experience, Woman that the female body with its baby because no other power is capable of shine LECC , to grow. Her organization, the Eagle Forum, took the lead in developing opposition to the ERA and to feminism generally. (St. Louis Globe-Democrat photo. Courtesy of the Collections of the St. Louis Mercantile Library at the University of Missouri-St. Louis. Caption courtesy of child-care centers for all women, regardless of religion or income, both socially acceptable dead-end road. It is self-evident to the Positive The Positive Woman will never travel that If man is targeted as the enemy, and the ultimate goal of women's liberation is inde. pendence from men and the avoidance of pregnancy and its consequences, then lesbian- spiracy of men but by the Divine Architect of ism is logically the highest form in the ritual of the human race. Those who think it is unfair that women have babies, whereas men cannot will have to take up their complaint with God Catherine Rympl.) and government-financed... Phyllis Schlafly demonstrated the domestic ideal by posing cooking her husband's breakfast the morning after her victory in the 1952 Republican congressional primary. She would lose her bid for a congressional seat but continue to be active as a party volunteer. In 1964, she was a strong supporter of Republican presidential candidate Barry Goldwater, and the author of one of the most effective pieces of his campaign literature, A Choice Not an Echo. The first printing sold more than 600,000 copies and made her national reputation; there were two more printings before Election Day. In 1967 she lost her bid for the presidency of the National Federation of Republican Women (NFRW In the early 1970s, the NFRW endorsed the ERA. Independently, clear weapons development. When she began to publicize her opposition to the ERA, the circula- producing organs was not designed by a com women's liberation.... that fundamental fact. ... The Positive Woman looks upon her femaleness and her fertility as purt of her purpose, her potential, and her power. She rejoices that she has a capability for creativity that men can never have. ration movement is that there is no difference between male and female except the sex organs, and that all those physical, cognitive, and emotional differences you think are there, are merely the result of centuries of restraints imposed by a male-dominated society and sex stereotyped schooling. The role imposed pine him, encourage him, teach him, restrain and him, and have power over him that Benever achieve over her with all his muscle. so whether a Positive Woman uses her hermined solely by the way she alone Wishes goals and develops her skills. The differences between men and women e emotional and psychological. Without asionate maternal instinct, the human Tot would have died out centuries ago. Theding psychological need of a woman something alive. A baby fulfills this in the sot most women. It a baby is we to hil that need, women search sostitute. This is the reason why The third basic dogma of the women's lib- on women is, by definition, inferior, according the women's liberationists.... There are countless physical differences be- tween men and women. The female body is 50 to percent water, the male 60 to 70 percent water, which explains why males can dilute alcohol better than women and delay its effect. The aver- ur woman is about 25 percent fatty tissue, while the male is 15 percent, making women more buoyant in water and able to swim with less effort Males have a tendency to color blindness. Only 5 percent of persons who get gout are female. Boys are born bigger. Women live longer in most countries of the world, not only in the United States where we have a hard-driving competitive pace. Women excel in manual dex- tenihy, verbal skills, and memory recall.... Does the physical advantage of men doom women to a life of servility and subservience? The Positive Woman knows that she has a com- plementary advantage which is at least as pland, in the hands of a skillful woman, far peter. The Divine Architect who gave men a perice strength to lift weights also gave women different kind of superior strength.... A Posi- She Woman cannot defeat a man in a wrestling baing match, but she can motivate him, in- 613 women have traditionally gone into teaching and nursing careers. They are doing what comes naturally to the female psyche. The schoolchild or the patient of any age provides an outlet for a woman to express her natural maternal need.... The Positive Woman finds somebody on whom she can lavish her mater- nal love so that it doesn't well up inside her and cause psychological frustrations. Surely no woman is so isolated by geography or in lated by spirit that she cannot find someone worthy of her maternal love.... One of the strangest quirks of women's liberationists is their complaint that societal re- straints prevent men from crying in public or showing their emotions, but permit women to do so, and that therefore we should "liberate men to enable them, too, to cry in public. The public display of fear, sorrow, anger, and irrita- tion reveals a lack of self-discipline that should be avoided by the Positive Woman just as much as by the Positive Man. Maternal love, how- ever, is not a weakness but a manifestation of strength and service, and it should be nurtured by the Positive Woman.... Another silliness of the women's libera- tionists is their frenetic desire to force all women to accept the title Ms in place of Miss or Mrs. If Gloria Steinem and Betty Friedan want to call themselves Ms in order to conceal their marital status, their wishes should be re- spected. But most married women feel they worked hard for the r in their names, and they don't care to be gratuitously deprived of it.... Finally, women are different from men in dealing with the fundamentals of life itself. Men are philosophers, women are practical, and 'twas ever thus. Men may philosophize about how life began and where we are head- ing: women are concerned about feeding the kids today. No woman would ever, as Karl Marx did, spend years reading political phi- losophy in the British Museum while her child starved to death. Women don't take nat- urally to a search for the intangible and the abstract. ... Where man is discursive, logical, abstract, or philosophical, woman tends to be emotional, personal, practical, or mystical. Each set of qualities is vital and complements the other. Among the many differences ex- plained in [Amauryl de Riencourt's book, (Sex and Power in History), are the following Women tend more toward conformity than men-which is why they often excel in such dis- ciplines as spelling and punctuation where there 1 1 d and structure of the play, woman on the inner A TRANSFORMING WORLD 1945-2014 most feelings displayed by the actors. is only one correct answer, determined by social authority. Higher intellectual activities, however, require a mental independence and power of ab- straction that they usually lack, not to mention a certain form of aggressive boldness of the imagi- nation which can only exist in a sex that is basi- cally aggressive for biological reasons. To sum up: The masculine proclivity in prob- lem solving is analytical and categorical; the feminine, synthetic and contextual.... Deep down, man tends to focus on the object, on exter- nal results and achievements; woman focuses on subjective motives and feelings. If life can be compared to a play, man focuses on the theme De Riencourt provides impressive refuta- tion of two of the basic errors of the women's liberation movement: (1) that there are no emo- tional or cognitive differences between the sexes, and (2) that women should strive to be like men.... An effort to eliminate the differ- ences by social engineering or legislative or constitutional tinkering cannot succeed, which is fortunate, but social relationships and spirit- ual values can be ruptured in the attempt