Question: I need a practical reply for this paragraph with textbook and biblical cites. The three theories of altruism are social exchange, social norms, and evolutionary.
I need a practical reply for this paragraph with textbook and biblical cites.
The three theories of altruism are social exchange, social norms, and evolutionary. Social exchange theory discusses how the human mind tends to weigh the pros and cons of different options before deciding. According to Myers and Twenge (2022), an example would be weighing the cost of donating blood to the benefits of donating blood, before making a choice. A real-life example would be to decide to go to the gym at an early hour of the morning. Weighing the cost of closing sleep due to waking up early, to the benefits of being active and having the rest of your day free to do other things. The pros and cons can be internal or external and can be determined based on what is important to you. The social norms aspect of it leans more into what society has told us to do (Myers & Twenge, 2022). Even if we do not want to internally help someone, social norms have told us that we must. An example of that would be seeing a car broken down on the side of the road with a woman and child, we may not want to stop but we feel like we must. Which means the drive is not to do good, but instead to preserve the self feeling of doing good. Evolutionary discusses the fact that psychology has told us that our genes can also lead us to making decisions we would not think of otherwise. It has been narrowed down to kin selection, reciprocity, and group selection. Kin selection is preferring someone because they are biologically related to you. Reciprocity is doing something for someone because they do something for you. And Group Selection is favoring someone because they are within your Inner circle. (Myers & Twenge, 2022) An example of these are mothers who are more willing to help their children than other children, someone giving someone answers to a quiz because that person did them a favor, or loaning someone money because they are a close friend. The most common source of altruism I would think would be the social norms theory, which outlines how it is more common for us to do something for someone due to what society has told us we should do. Watching my children be more inclined to assist someone in public is a perfect example of that. As well as biblically when Jonah went to Nineveh he did not want to, but felt it his duty to do it due to society norms (New Living Translation, 2015). Everything in human nature is done because of obligation of some form, we are only able to do things with good nature because of God's love that has saved us from condemnation. Otherwise we would all be acting in sin.
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