I need help coming up with examples for these computer science "problems"

"A math problem that requires a decision or a repetition of tasks. Think about something small that you can calculate using $2-4$ inputs and at least one decision." $($Ex: Find the roots of a quadratic equation by first deciding whether it has two real roots, one double root, or two imaginary roots"

AND

"A small problem that deals with a list of items. First think about a list of something, then think of something you can do with the list, like sort it$,$ calculate the average, the max, the min, the median, or other calculation, even determine if an item is on a list, or the item that is on the list most." $($ex: Sort and display a list of birds by number of sightings for a specific area$)$