I need help with these two problems please and please make it legible with explanations.

Exercise 1.3.1. Let x be the relation on N X N dened by (a, b) % (ad) if and only if azd = 021), for all ((1,1)), (ad) 6 N X N, where n2 is an abbreviation for n - n. (1) Prove that a: is an equivalence relation. (2) List or describe all the elements in [(2, 3)]. Exercise 1.5.3. [Used in Theorem 1.5.5 and Theorem 1.5.6.] Let x E Z and y E Z*. (1) Prove that [ (x, y)] = 0 if and only if x = 0. (2) Prove that [(x, y)] = 1 if and only if x = y. (3) Prove that 0