I need you to expand and revised and edit this essay under the guidelines below. Needs to be in essay format The final draft of each paper will be graded according to the following categories. Each category will be marked on a range from "Unacceptable" to "Excellent." Below are the general concepts in each category your instructor will be focused on. General criteria considered in the category Excellent Above Average Average Below Average Unacceptable Score Organization/Structure (20 points for Papers 1, 2, and 4; 40 points for Paper 3) Title Is the title interesting and relevant to the topic? Introduction Does the introduction have all of the pieces as discussed in the assignment? Generally this will include A hook that is original and interesting, NOT sourced. An overview of the topic following assignment guidelines. A thesis following assignment guidelines. Body Paragraphs Do the body paragraphs have all of their pieces as discussed in the assignment? Generally this will include A clear topic sentence that may also serve as a transition from the previous paragraph. Many details and examples according to assignment criteria. Discussion of these details and examples. A clear concluding sentence that reinforces the key point of the paragraph. Conclusion Does the conclusion have all of its pieces as discussed in the assignment? Generally this will include An absence of a simplistic transition (no "in conclusion," etc.) A thoughtful recap of the main point of the paper without repeating the thesis or the topics of the body paragraphs. A broadening of the discussion, connecting the paper with the larger world in some way. Other Does the paper otherwise meet any structural guidelines as discussed in the assignment? Development (20 points for Papers 1, 2, and 4; 40 points for Paper 3) Evidence Does the paper provide enough evidence as discussed in the assignment? This may include descriptive detail, examples, cited quotes, etc., depending on the assignment. The evidence should not overwhelm the paper. It must usually be balanced with the explanation of the evidence. Explanation Does the paper explain the relevance of the evidence, showing readers how the evidence supports the point of the paragraph? Repetition Does the paper avoid unnecessary repetition of ideas and words? It should not ramble on about the same generic ideas in order to reach a page minimum. Length Does the paper meet the minimum length criteria for the paper? (It can be longer but no shorter). Other Does the paper otherwise meet any development or content guidelines as discussed in the assignment? Formatting and Citations (20 points for Papers 1, 2, and 4; 40 points for Paper 3) Paper Format Does the paper meet all assignment criteria in terms of spacing, font, heading, header, margins, etc.? In-Text Citations Does the paper meet all assignment criteria in terms of how it attributes sources in the text?

Works Cited/ References Does the paper have a correctly formatted Works Cited or References page at the end (depending on the assignment)? Other Does the paper otherwise meet any citation or documentation criteria? Style (15 points for Papers 1, 2, and 4; 30 points for Paper 3) Clarity Does the language at the sentence level avoid unclear, wordy, or awkward prose? Diction Does the language at the sentence level use clear, precise words, active verbs, and the like? Other Does the paper otherwise meet any style criteria? Grammar (15 points for Papers 1, 2, and 4; 30 points for Paper 3) Major errors Does the paper avoid major grammar errors? This includes but isn't limited to Spelling Fragments Fused sentences (comma splices and run-on sentences) Dangling or misplaced modifiers Disagreement (subject/verb or pronoun/antecedent) Punctuation Does the paper avoid issues with punctuation? This includes but isn't limited to Commas Semicolons and colons Apostrophes Hyphens, dashes, and parentheses Proofreading Is the paper free of careless errors that should be caught with careful proofreading? This includes but isn't limited to Capitalization Spelling (any errors that could have been caught by running spell-check will count against you) Typos Other Does the paper otherwise avoid grammar or sentence-level errors? Rough Draft (10 points for Papers 1, 2, and 4; 20 points for Paper 3) TOTAL (100 points for Papers 1, 2, and 4; 200 points for Paper 3)

1.Make sure this is a topic with two legitimate sides.

1. Formatting and Mechanics

Quote from the Pro/Con articles correctly

Include a correctly formatted Works Cited page

Writing the Rogerian Outline/Paper Structure

Once you have your topic, you will sketch out the main points you want to make. Remember that the goal of a Rogerian argument is to compromise, to earn readers' trust and treat them with respect. It follows this model:

1) Introduction

• Begin with a hook that clarifies your personal connection to the issue. This is likely going to be a story or experience of some sort. You can use first person here, but the rest of the paper will be more objective, in third person.
• Summarize the topic/issue and why there is debate.
• End with a thesis that reflects your main point, whatever that may be (perhaps it is a compromise, or perhaps it is a need to reach an understanding of the issue)

2) The opposing's sides views: What do they believe and why? This will be third-person, neutral language.

3) Validation of the opposing side's views: What parts of what they believe are valid? This will be third-person, neutral language.

4) Our views: What do the people on our side believe and why? This will be third-person, neutral language.

5) Validation of our views: What parts of what we believe are valid? This will be third-person, neutral language.

6) Conclusion: Propose a compromise if possible. If this is not possible, emphasize the need to come to a mutual understanding of the issue for all involved. You may use first person here again if you wish.

A Rogerian organized essay over making college tuition free Education is the key to success in life, but if this were true, why do we see economically advanced individuals as more prone to attend and complete their degree than those who are less fortunate? Growing up nowadays, schools are instructing students in a college going atmosphere where teachers, principals, and counselors aspire and push for their students to go to college and get a degree after high school. However, why isn't college education required in the United States by the compulsory education laws just as elementary, middle school, and high school are needed? The media recently took interest in a ton of coverage over the college admission scandal where people of money took advantage of the admissions process at elite institutions. However, if college tuition were to be free, would this address situations where economically advanced individuals would be favored over those who are less fortunate? College tuition should be made free at public universities and community colleges so that lower-income students can reach graduation, student debt will no longer ruin the younger generations, student can have more freedom to choose a major they would enjoy, and so more people can go to college. The Opposition's Argument If college tuition were to be made free, it would change the lives and mindsets of thousands of people across the United States. However, the problem everyone sees with making college tuition free is where would the money come from to make and keep college tuition free throughout the entire United States and not just certain states nor universities. The solution is simply to increase people's taxes, but the people who will suffer the most from these increased taxes are the upper classes and possibly the middle class as well. Therefore, I can see why there 3 is hesitation in making college tuition free. People will become angry with the government for taking away such a substantial part of the people's earned money to put into paying for kids to go to college. It may seem like a worthy cause at first, but the upper classes will stop feeling so "generous" and the middle classes will realize they need the money that was being taxed and given to the universities. Additionally, if everything worked out and college tuition were to be made free, over time, a college degree might not be seen as important anymore. This may lead to students not trying their best at college anymore because they no longer have to "get their money's worth" since the tuition was free. With the tuition being the way it currently is, students put in a ton of effort to finish and obtain their degree to reduce debt. It can be hard when there is no drive in getting your degree which promotes laziness and unproductivity, and we all know that kind of mindset and actions can make a professor angry and prompt the instructor to drop the students from their classes. If this became a big problem at the universities, the government would feel the need to put a stop to the free tuition, and it would be a struggle for the government to make the changes and reduce the people's taxes after increasing them. Lastly, financial irresponsibility would become one of the biggest problems for the younger generations who attend college after college tuition is made free. These students will not get the experience of having to create a budget to save money. College loans are one of the biggest financial responsibilities that students take on while going through and after college. Paying off these student loans promptly is crucial because the longer students waiting to pay off the loans, the more interest that accumulates over time. With college tuition being free, the experience is absent. Therefore, without the experience, students may struggle in the future with car payments, house payments, or any other bills that come their way. The students will have to 4 learn economic responsibility sometime after college when economic responsibility becomes a necessary trait in the real world. My Argument Life for lower-income families can be tough, especially nowadays, prices seem to never stop increasing. These lower-income families might be on food stamps and Medicare, and it only takes one child to succeed in his or her education to help the family from their situation. However, the family cannot afford to put the child through any type of college. Now what if college tuition were to be free? Students from these lower-income families would finally be given the opportunity to obtain higher education. According to Dynarski, Libassi, Michelmore, and Owen (2018), "Among high-achieving students, differences in application behavior drive income differences in college quality... the majority of low-income, high-achieving students apply to zero selective schools... " (p. 1). What this statement means is that there are low-income, high achieving students that do not even bother to apply to a community college nor a university because of their family's financial situation despite there being financial aid to help them. In fact, financial aid is not enough for over half the American students who attend a public university, and these students end up having to drop out of the university to find a full-time employment or an alternative education choice due to tuition being too expensive. However, ending college tuition would allow all these students to finish their entire four-year undergraduate degree without having to drop out for financial reasons. With less students dropping out of universities, the United States will see an improvement in the college graduation rates. With more students obtaining a college degree and finding themselves a good and stable job, this will allow for more people to be taxed to help supply universities with the money they need to keep college tuition free. Over time, the taxes on the upper classes and upper middle classes will decrease because 5 the playing field will be leveled at obtaining a college degree and students will be less reliant or claimed by their parents Envision this, you are fresh out of college with a degree and finally got a job you took interest in. You get paid monthly, and you finally got your first ever earned check from your first ever full-time job. However, you find that three-fourths of your check had to be given back to the bank to pay back some of your student loans. This cycle continues for six years until you finally decide you have paid enough of your student loans back and finally decide it is time to move out of your parents' house or move out of your apartment and begin house hunting. This will only happen if you are a part of the lucky seven percent of Americans who owe the least amount of student loans compared to other Americans. The TBS Staff says, "... due to the excessive cost of attending college, the total amount of American student loan debt sits at over $1.4 trillion (about $4,300 per person in the US), with about 11.2% of borrowers are behind on their loans" (para. 2). However, if college tuition were to be made free at all public universities in the United States, student loans will no longer have control to ruin the younger generations and their future desires. Anderson (2020) wrote, "Without the weight of student loan debt, more college graduates might buy houses rather than renting apartments. They might buy cars, spend more on healthy food, travel more: They could contribute more to the economy" (para. 4). Although making college tuition free would hurt the economy at first, eventually, the economy will be helped by students attending college because there is more financial flexibility to partake in tasks that people in their early thirties would typically do such as buying a house or buying a car. A world with free college tuition and smallest student debt is a world this generation wants to live in and that is something worth making a change in the United States for. 6 Students do not realize that college comes faster than they think. One moment they are entering first-year student, and in the blink of an eye they are getting ready to walk across the stage and receive their high school diploma. Students were taught to get their diplomas and then go straight into college. Therefore, the decision over what the students would want to do for the rest of their lives needs to be made, and the decision needs to be made fast. The students tell themselves, "I really love painting and creating art; however, can I really make a living out of it." The answer they were taught is no. Parents always instructed their kids to go into the STEM [science, technology, engineering, and math] field. Additionally, with financial situation, parents also want their kids to go into a "practical" major where they can get hired faster and pay back their debt as well. These students do not have freedom to go into the major they want to go into in fear of wasting their money on a degree that may or may not workout. This fear can be taken away if college tuition became free because students will have more freedom to choose a major they would enjoy. If students can choose a major they would enjoy, the economy will be helped as these students will give back to their elected major. Additionally, with the students being happy in their major, stress is taken off the shoulders of the students, and good mental health will rise in the students as well. There are a ton of benefits for students who choose a major they would be happy in, but this can only happen if college tuition is made free. We as a country need to think about the future of America and who we are leaving to deal with future problems. With a positive mindset, the students will be able to give back to the country in any field they decide to go into. Bergeron and Martin state, "By 2020, 65 percent of all jobs will require bachelor's or associate degrees or some other education beyond high school, particularly in the fastest growing occupationsscience, technology, engineering, mathematics, health care, and community service" (para. 3). We as a country need more college educated people in the workplace with 7 better critical thinking skills. There will be a demand soon for people to have education past their associates degree. Therefore, getting more people into universities now is crucial towards the United States future. Covert (2019) wrote, "In 2017... all of the tuition and fees charged by public colleges came to $75.8 billion (about $230 per person in the US). That is less than what the federal government spends to subsidize the cost of college. In the same year, the government disbursed about $160 billion (about $490 per person in the US) in the form of student loans, grants, and tax breaks to help make higher education less of a burden on American families" (para. 4). Despite the government's efforts to make education less of a burden on American families, college education is still a burden. The simplest and easiest solution to not make college education a burden is to make college tuition free. If tuition were free, more people would attend college to obtain their associates degree. The plan would fall into place over needing more people to obtain a degree higher than an associate degree, and an associate degree will be seen as high school, therefore, people will have a greater drive to obtain their bachelors or master's degree. Cottom (2015) wrote, "... the debate about if college should be free has forced us all to consider what higher education is for" (para. 11). Higher education is for people to make better of themselves. The dreams I once had, since the age of eight, over becoming a doctor slowly seemed more impossible every day as I began to understand the concept of money and my parent's financial situation. College tuition in the United States needs to be made free for little kids to not give up on their dreams. College tuition in the United States needs to be made free for the kids who are being pressured to save their families from the poverty they are facing. College tuition in the United States needs to be made free for the bettering of the country as a whole and for the future of America.

References Anderson, E. (2020). Why College Should Be Free: Pros and Cons. Retrieved April 19, 2021, from https://www.collegeraptor.com/find-colleges/articles/affordability-college-cost/pros-constuition-free-college/ Bergeron, D., and Martin, C. (2015). Strengthening Our Economy Through College for All. Retrieved April 19, 2021, from https://www.americanprogress.org/issues/educationpostsecondary/reports/2015/02/19/105522/strengthening-our-economy-through-college-for-all/ Covert, B. (2019). Why Public College Should Be Free. Retrieved April 19, 2021, from https://www.thenation.com/article/archive/public-college-buttigieg-tuition/ Cottom, T. (2015). Why Free College is Necessary. Retrieved April 19, 2021, from https://www.dissentmagazine.org/article/tressie-mcmillan-cottom-why-free-college-necessary Susan, D., C.J., L., Katherine, M., Stephanie, O. (2018). CLOSING THE GAP: THE EFFECT OF A TARGETED, TUITION-FREE PROMISE ON COLLEGE CHOICES OF HIGHACHIEVING, LOW-INCOME STUDENTS. Retrieved April 19, 2021, from https://www.nber.org/system/files/working_papers/w25349/w25349.pdf TBS Staff. (2020). The Best Colleges Providing Free Tuition. Retrieved April 19, 2021, from https://thebestschools.org/college-finances/tuition-free-colleges/