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Facebook Privacy: Your Life for Sale CASE STUDY I ing people the power to bring the world community and in 2017 and weigen, men ethnicity penal and political Theads and group who had ding employ privacy mning became known that Facebook had control of yng walc a mong them the monal information we share on the site. How could all this happen! As in sout, it was d h e dinnen the design and Russian i nce and political cons with the man of Two Ocebook intention of intensifying existing political cleavages costo diverse, app developers, or res din people from and from it has a very limited capability to control how that another drithe US a n d Thundparty ments and In January 2018, a founder and former employee policies are many reviewed by Facebook so check of a political co ing and vote profiling company for compliance Facebook esecutive claimed they Gald An d that had were shocked as other than 87 million Facebook harvested the personalmat of as many as the pr e d by million users of Facebook and use this information Russian intelligence agencies and used by Cambridge han o n ce the US pada Anaya to target politicals of 2016 Facebook does not sell the w a y w e tion of his users, but allow third party apps to the Facebook was forced to explais privacy in the personal information of book s ures and pledes reforms in the wake of the Cambridan In this case, a UK anche a d A d he r e that 50,000 Facebook users for the purpose of research. Facebook haddsharing partnerships with at least developed an app quit that claimed to measure s device maken Facebook allowed Apple Samsung personality Facebook dhe A n dhero es that will mobile phones to not only collect the personal information of people s t and video game consta who are so take the survey, but also the personal not only to about Facebook s but also personal ormation of all the people in th e book dat both friends without the explicit consent social network. The archer sold the date to As of 2015, Facebook had posedly pobed app Cambridge Analytica, who in turn used in to send to software developers from collecting information about peted policals in the detection Gustomes friends A rently, these restrictions did In a Senate hearing in October 2017, Facebook no extend to device maken testified that Russian operatives had exploited Shortly thereafter it was also revealed that Facebook's social work in an efforts e nce Facebook and track custom data-sharing deals the 2016 presidential election. More than 100,000 that are select companies such as Royal Bank of fais messages and stories had been sent to Facebook Canada and Nissan Motor Compecial access to use users in the United Sat ing an army o ut records, even though Facebook claimed it had it mated software bots, built and operated by several walled off that information in 2015. Certain compe thousand Russian-based hackers working for a nies were also allowed access to additional inform e apency, the Internet Research tion about a user's Facebook friends Agency (A bot is a software program that performs Facebook a n came under wack from the an automated task, and is often on the Internet for privacy advocates, and powernment authories for s purpos e Chapter 3) Using 75,000 plading norance and for allowing u s ed data ke Facebook accounts, and 230.000 bos, the sharing to happen. For the first time since found Russian mess were into an estimated 146 miling Facebook is facing a serious tal crisis and hon people on Facebook Themes tard peopoly a threat to its business model s pleased on their personal information collected by current crisis follows from a history of privacy buses they had collected ord Enterprise ted legal rights ent and the N 190 Part One Organisat art One Onbont Magerent and the are for photo tagging on had donload all the information they son even though users had no le mand that information Think your own your face? Not to facial recognition software for phon This ag sugestions feature is on when you sign up and there is no ner federal court in 2016 allowed a lawsuit to contesting Facebook's right to be automatically aser consert it to go forwa of several of biometric des percent of 20,6 l cant. This feature is a violation of several Lawas that seek to secure the privacy of biom ook every day, a 150 million Americans on Facebook even articular day Google, which made approximately $110 bis insurers to de In its short has quickly more Not on Facebook a small nice working site for mostly can college students in publi c pany with a market worth of 534 billion in 2018 Facebook boasts that it is free to join and always When the m ooming from billion worldwide a s just like it below to ks right to photo tag without an and a Google, Facebook's revenue comes most entirely from acertising (97 percent of see on in revenue in 2017 book watches what you do on Facebook and then wills that information and Concer Region Study found that are ation about your friends to advertisers, not just Facebook but all over the wh As Tim Cook, CEO Test 48 million were willingly sharing infor Apple, noted at Facebook, the product they sell is in that could be used against them in some More than ever companies such as Facebook and That includes plans to travel on a particular made approximately Smo billion in vertising revenue in 2017, are using your online ad which burglars could use to time robberies ity to develop a frighteninghy accurate digital picture Liking a page about a particular health condi of your life, and then and then selling access to their platform of or treatment, which might prompt insurers to information to advertisers hooks salis coverage. Credit card companies and similar or to serve advertisements that are more relevant to you tions have begun engaging in weblining tal anywhere else on the web but the personal infor from the term m e by aitening their treatm mation it gathers about you both with and without your of you based on the actions of other people with neht can also be used against you in other ways profiles similar to yours. Employers can assess Facebook has a diverse array of compelling and personality and behavior by using your Facebook useful features. It has helped families find lost pets Likes. Thirteen million users have never adjusted and allows active duty soldiers to stay in touch with their families; it gives smaller companies a chance to Facebook's privacy controls, which allow friends further their e-commerce efforts and larger compa using Facebook applications to transfer your data nies a chance to solidify their hands and perhaps wittingly to a third party without your knowleder Why, then, do so many people share sensitive investors and regula maelstrom of critid Europe's new Gene (GDPR). Facebook it easier for et to know eactly w loader person Facebook collects to restrict click bi dosely monitor mation and to it of fake account ployees and se identify and eli its history, Face controls to the sense, become news outlet th Unfortunately Facebook ese estimated to to understan In reality, Facebook's Althoug to access de users from Europe, o requested Facebook days. Goy Spain, Ito have bee controls gent pri While egregio its con make i service using defaul know they use 1 rese details of their life on Facebook? Often, it's because most obviously, Facebook makes it easier for you users do not realize that their data are being col. to keep in touch with your friends, relatives, local lected and transmitted in this way. A Facebook restaurants, and, in short, just about all the things friends are not notified if information about them you are interested in. These are the reasons so many people use Facebook-it provides real value to users is collected by that user's applications. Many of The cost of participating in the Facebook platform is Facebook's features and services are enabled by de- that your personal information is shared with adver- fault when they are launched without notifying users, tisers and with others you may not know. and a study by Siegel + Gale found that Facebook's Facebook has a checkered past of privacy viola privacy policy is more difficult to comprehend than tions and missteps that raise doubts about whether it government notices or typical bank credit card agree should be responsible for the personal data of billions ments, which are notoriously dense. Did you know of people. There are no laws in the United States that that whenever you log into a website using Facebook give consumers the right to know what data compa Facebook shares some personal information with nies like Facebook have compiled. You can challenge site and can track your movements in that site information in credit reports because of the Fair time you visit Facebook, click Privacy Settings and Credit Reporting Act, but until recently, you could not obtain what data Facebook has gathered about see whether you can understand your options. you. It's been different in Europe: for several years However, there are some signs that Facebook users had the right to demand that Facebook turn might become more responsible with its data col over a report of all the information it had collected lection processes, whether by its own volition of on individuals. In 2018, Facebook allowed users to because it is forced to do so. As a publicly traded company, Facebook now invites more scrutiny to the cho lim gre sh Chapter 4 Ethical and Sociales information Sys 191 investors and regulators. In 2018, in response to a maelstrom of criticism in the United States and web through its Facebook Audience Network, which track of what its users do on other websites and Europe's new General Data Protection Regulation then arets ads to those users on those websites (GDIR. Ficcok chandra m e ishad it easier for users to select their privacy preferences Facebook why it doesnt an ad-free service like music streaming sites-for to know Octly what they are consentine toto do a monthly fee Others want to know why load users' personal archives and the information that does not allow uses just to opt out of tracking, But DOS Facebook collects and shares, including facial images the kinds of changes would be very difficult for DO ESCE CICR Dit and spam in sreds. T h is business model dependent closely monitor app developers use of personal infor on the largely unfettered use of it s personal tion to CrCase erorts to liminate lis a te information de of fake accounts. Facebook hired 10.000 new em. That policy states very openly that if you use ployees and several hundred tact-checking firms to Facebook you agree to their terms of service, which identify and eliminate fake news. For the first time in enable to share your information with third parties its history. Facebook is being forced to apply editorial in 2019 Facebook has come under withering fire for controls to the content posted by users and in that knowingly violating UK privacy rules and global lob sense, become more like a traditional publisher and bying against stronger data privacy laws news outlet that takes responsibility for its content. Unfortunately, as researchers have long known, and Facebook executives understand, very few users Violated and Com m a estimated to be less than 12 percent-take the time Say t on Postbury 17 lobe and Duncan Campbell, Revealed The G to understand and adjust their privacy preferences. Al Data Privacy L The Gam ach 2. De In reality, user choice is not a powerful check on Seetharamanand Kite Grindboek G e ce Facebook's use of personal information AGC to Addial Data About U s on June 2008 Natalia Dodak Sm Schecht and Although U.S. Facebook users have little recourse "Mark Zuckerberg Apologies to make or Facebook to access data that Facebook has collected on them, Fake News Failures Wall Sto r y 22, 2018 Geca Kang users from other countries have done better. In and Sheena Frenkel Facebook Says Camdee Analytica Harvested Data of Up to 87 Million Users April 24, 2018 Europe, over 100,000 Facebook users have already duardo Pont "The Facebook Fallacy Privacy Is Up to requested their data, and European law requires Nose Work Times, April 24, 2018 Jack Nicas, Tacebook Require April Vertid ldentities for Future Political Ada Facebook to respond to these requests within 40 6, 2017 Sheeral and Nashaiget "Tacebook todos days. Government privacy regulators from France, Central Page for privacy and security Setting Nowork Spain, Italy, Germany, Belgium, and the Netherlands March 28, 2018, David Maryet. "Facebookis Ging You Now Pracy have been actively investigating Facebook's privacy Options, But it's Clear What It Was Youth March 19 2018: Matthew Rosenberg, Nicholas Content and Candle controls as the European Union pursues more strin Cadwalladt "How Trump Cost Exped the Facebook Data gent privacy protection legislation. of Millions N York Times Mach 17, 2018 God Wells and e Deepa Seetharama "New Facebook Dua Showcas While Facebook has shut down several of its more Users by Education, Religion Polis Well Soon November egregious privacy-invading features, and enhanced 1, 2017 its consent process, the company's data use policies make it very clear that, as a condition of using the CASE STUDY QUESTIONS service, users grant the company wide latitude in 4-13 Perform an ethical analysis of Facebook. What using their personal information in advertising. The is the ethical dilemma presented by this case? default option for users is "opt-in": most users do not 4-14 What is the relationship of privacy to know how to control use of their information; and Facebook's business model? they cannot "opt out of all sharing if they want to 4-15 Describe the weaknesses of Facebook's privacy use Facebook. This is called the control paradox" by policies and features. What management, orga- researchers: even when users are given controls over nization, and technology factors have contrib- the use of their personal information, they typically uted to those weaknesses? choose not to use those controls. Although users can 4-16 Will Facebook be able to have a successful bus limit some uses of their information, an advanced de- ness model without invading privacy? Explain gree in Facebook data features is required. Facebook your answer. Could Facebook take any mea- shows you ads not only on Facebook but across the sures to make this possible