${?}_{{?}_{{?}_{?}}{?}_{{?}_{?}}{?}_{i}s\text{c}\text{o}\text{n}\text{c}\text{e}\text{r}\text{n}\text{e}\text{d}\text{w}\text{i}\text{t}\text{h}\text{t}\text{h}\text{e}\text{a}\text{u}\text{t}\text{h}\text{e}\text{n}\text{t}\text{i}\text{c}\text{i}\text{t}\text{y}of\text{t}\text{h}\text{e}\text{d}\text{a}\text{t}\text{a}\text{.}}$

$a.$

External criticism

$b.$

Accuracy

$c.$

Limitation

$d.$

Reliability

Question $2$

The process through which new knowledge $is$ discovered $is$ called ${?}_{(}{)}_{{?}_{?}}{?}_{{?}_{?}}{?}_{.}$

$a.$

theory building

$b.$

research

$c.$

data analysis

$d.$

inferential statistics

Question $3$

$If$ lecturers are interested $in$ determining whether there $is$ a statistically significant relationship between the performance $of$ students based $on$ their year marks from assignments submitted during the semester and the portfolio examination mark, the appropriate statistical test $to$ calculate would $be{?}_{(}{)}_{{?}_{?}}{?}_{{?}_{?}}{?}_{.}$

$a.$

correlation analysis

$b.$

$t?$test for dependent groups

$c.$

covariance analysis

$d.$

regression analysis

Question $4$

Basic research $is$ research that ${?}_{(}{)}_{{?}_{?}}{?}_{{?}_{?}}{?}_{.}$

$a.$

has $no$ immediate application $at$ the time $itis$ completed

$b.$

$is$ conducted $to$ solve practical problems

$c.$

has immediate application $at$ the time $itis$ completed

$d.$

$is$ designed $to$ answer specific questions

Question $5$

Which $of$ the following form part $of$ ethical guidelines?

$a.$

The person conducting the research $is$ the one who $is$ the first and most important judge $of$ its ethical acceptability.

$b.$

Every effort should $be$ made $to$ minimize risk $to$ the participants.

$c.$

Whenever possible, participants should $be$ shielded from physical and psychological harm.

$d.$

All the above.