I was having a hard time writing all the different signs so i took a screenshot of the questions. sorry

You are tasked to determine which one of two monitoring types yields better results in reducing corruption at the village level. Option 1: top-down monitoring by an upper-level government; Option 2: grassroots participation of citizens in village council accountability meeting. Corruption is measured as the reduction in the percentage of missing materials in infrastructure projects, e.g. road construction. A public economist uses data on monitoring type Di and the amount of missing materials, YE, to estimate the population regression function (PRF) YE = [31 + zDi + at by using the following sample: i 1 2 3 4 Y (observed) 5 6 7 8 Y (hypothetical) 3 2 1 4