Identify the null hypothesis, alternative hypothesis, conclusion about the null hypothesis, and final conclusion that addresses the original claim. A study was conducted to determine the proportion of people who dream in black and white instead of color. Among 306 people over the age of 55, 68 dream in black and white, and among 298 people under the age of 25, 13 dream in black and white (based on data from "Do We Dream in Color?" by Eva Murzyn, Consciousness and Cognition, Vol. 17, No. 4). We want to use a 0.01 significance level to test the claim that the proportion of people over 55 who dream in black and white is greater than the proportion for those under 25. Ho: p1 p2 H1: p1 p2 Test Statistic (z) = (Round to 2 decimals) Critical Value (z) = (Round to 2 decimals) P-Value = (Round to 4 decimals) Decision about Ho (Reject or Fail to Reject): Conclusion (Sufficient or Not Sufficient):Rhino viruses typically cause common colds. In a test of the effectiveness of echinacea, 40 of the 45 subjects treated with echinacea developed rhinovirus infections. In a placebo group, 88 of the 103 subjects developed rhinovirus infections (based on data from "An Evaluation of Echinacea Angustifolia in Experimental Rhinovirus Infections," by Turner, et al., New England Journal of Medicine, Vol. 353, No. 4). We want to use a 0.05 significance level to test the claim that echinacea has an effect on rhinovirus infections. Given, Ho: p1 = p2 H1: p1 # p2 Find, Test Statistic (z) = (Round to 2 decimals) Critical Value (z) = (Round to 2 decimals) P-Value = (Round to 4 decimals) Decision about Ho (Reject or Fail to Reject): Conclusion (Sufficient or Not Sufficient): Confidence Interval: