Identify the null hypothesis, alternative hypothesis, test statistic, P-value, conclusion about the null hypothesis, and final conclusion that addresses the original claim.

An article in a journal reports that 34% of American fathers take no responsibility for child care. A researcher claims that the figure is higher for fathers in the town of Littleton. A random sample of 234 fathers from Littleton yielded 96 who did not help with child care. Test the researcher's claim at the 0.05 significance level.

A) H0: p = 0.34. H1: p > 0.34. Test statistic: z = 2.27. P-value: p = 0.0116.

Critical value: z = 1.645. Reject null hypothesis. There is sufficient evidence to support the researcher's claim that the proportion for fathers in Littleton is higher than 34%.

B) H0: p = 0.43. H1: p < 0.34. Test statistic: z = -2.27. P-value: p = 0.2116.

Critical value: z = 1.645. Fail to reject null hypothesis. There is insufficient evidence to support the researcher's claim that the proportion for fathers in Littleton is higher than 34%.