Identifying correlation and causation

(a) A computer manufacturer conducted a survey. It showed that a younger customer will not necessarily purchase a lower or higher priced computer. What is likely true? O There is no correlation between age and purchase price. O There is a correlation between age and purchase price. There may or may not be causation. Further studies would have to be done to determine this. O There is a correlation between age and purchase price. There is probably also causation. This is because there is likely a decrease in the purchase price with a decrease in age. (b) A hospital found that a lower outside temperature indicates a higher number of patient visits. What can we determine from this information? There is no correlation between outside temperature and number of patient visits. There is a correlation between outside temperature and number of patient visits. However, there is no causation. This is because there is an increase in the number of patient visits with a decrease in the temperature outside. There is a correlation between outside temperature and number of patient visits. There may or may not be causation. Further studies would have to be done to determine this. (c) Mr. Clark studied his students' biology test scores and sleeping habits. He found that students who slept less tended to earn lower scores on the test. What conclusion should he make