If a secondary data set is cross-sectional, it:

a. captures one moment in time.

b. has been gathered firsthand by the researcher.

c. examines specific subpopulations over time.

d. addresses a variety of disparate topics.

A longitudinal study that investigates changes within a general population over time is called a __________ study.

a. cohort

b. panel

c. trend

d. cross-sectional

Which statement about secondary analysis is true?

a. Secondary analysis involves the firsthand collection of data by the researcher.

b. Secondary analysis must be performed using data collected for a similar purpose.

c. Most secondary analysis requires researchers to have contact with subjects.

d. Secondary analysis may include the analysis of data collected to create time-series data sets.

Which statement best describes research-oriented data sets?

a. They commonly contain incomplete data.

b. They are collected according to stringent measurement procedures.

c. They contain data collected for purposes other than research.

d. The sampling procedures used to collect them are not particularly strict.

One example of a nonresearch-oriented secondary data source is the __________.

a. National Health Care Survey

b. Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System

c. Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System

d. Uniform Data System

Which of the following is the best example of an official public record?

a. U.S. Census data

b. Patient record

c. Artifact

d. Diary

Transforming a verbal, nonquantitative document into quantitative data is the basic goal of __________ analysis.

a. published

b. primary

c. content

d. historical

The ecological fallacy involves:

a. finding group-level patterns that differ from individual-level patterns.

b. attributing a study outcome to individual measures only.

c. making assumptions about data based on your own personal experience.

d. making assumptions about data based on factors in the physical environment.

Which statement about secondary analysis is true?

a. It should not be used for area-based research.

b. It elicits the reactive effect in subjects.

c. It has become more difficult to perform in recent years.

d. It can generate larger samples than primary research.

The principal disadvantage of secondary analysis is its lack of __________.

a. compatibility

b. objectivity

c. economy

d. availability