1. If an address bus needs to able to address eight devices, how many conductors will be required? What if each of those devices also needs to able to talk back to the I/O control device?
2. Of programmed I/O, interrupt-driven I/O, DMA, or Channel I/O which is most suitable for processing the I/O of a:

1. Mouse
2. Game controller
3. CD
4. Thumb drive or memory stick

Explain your answers.

3. In a computing system there are five phases of computation that is instruction fetch,

Instruction decode, execute, memory access and write back. It has been recorded that

is instruction fetch take 20 seconds, Instruction decode takes 40 seconds, execute takes

300 seconds, memory access takes 45 second and write back takes 25 second.

Refer to the diagram above,if thereare 5instructions that need to be executed, calculate how

much time can we save using pipelining also find the number of pipeline stages.

Time (in clock eyeles) CC 2 CC3 cc4 4 CC cco CCB IM Reg DM Rep IM 1 OM Reg IM Reg > Reg IM Reg DM Reg