If processor A has a higher clock rate than processor B, and processor A also has a higher MIPS rating than processor B, explain whether processor A will always execute faster than processor B. Suppose that there are two implementations of the same instruction set architecture. Machine A has a clock cycle time of 20ns and an effective CPI of 1.5 for some program, and machine B has a clock cycle time of 15ns and an effective CPI of 1.0 for the same program. Which machine is faster for this program, and by how much?

3. [4 points] The design team for a simple, single-issue processor is choosing between a pipelined or non-pipelined implementation. Here are some design parameters for the two possibilities:

Parameter Pipelined Version Non-Pipelined Version

Clock Rate	500MHz	350 MHz
CPI for ALU instructions	1	1
CPI for Control instructions	2	1
CPI for Memory instructions	2.7	1

(a) For a program with 20% ALU instructions, 10% control instructions and 70% memory instructions, which design will be faster? Give a quantitative CPI average for each case.

(b) For a program with 80% ALU instructions, 10% control instructions and 10% memory instructions, which design will be faster? Give a quantitative CPI average for each case.