IFT 366 TCP/IP & Routing

Lab 1 Configuring the router via the CLI (the very basics)

Purpose of this lab: get an overview of some of the tasks that are done to configure a typical router.

We will use one particular router to make the explanation meaningful.

The fact that we configure a Cisco router does not mean that other routers are inferior.

Each vendor has its own unique set of features and services that one must carefully evaluate before forming an opinion.

Having exposure to one router will make it easier to learn other vendors' routers.

Deliverables

After you complete certain stages of the lab, put an 'x' in the complete box

You will then return this lab sheet at the end of the lab session.

Cisco Packet Tracer simulator is used for this lab.

It should be located on your computer (is this stage completed?)

Completed

Turn over this page and you can begin

PART A: Getting familiar with the router

1. Open Packet Tracer & drag and drop a '2621XM' router into the window.

1. Click on Router icon in the window

1. Click on the "CLI" tab.

1. If you scroll upwards on the CLI screen you will see the version of the operating system installed on the router. The current IOS version is Version 15. Version 12 is the minimum operating system at which you should have installed on the router. There is very little difference between the commands on IOS 12 and IOS 15. Cisco IOS 11 has very different commands.

What version of the IOS is installed on your router?

1. Enter "no" to answer the question: "Continue with configuration dialog [yes/no]" If you select "yes", you will answer predefined questions to setup the router (you can try this later on)

1. Hit Enter/Return to get started.

1. You will see the prompt "Router>". This is the Initial Prompt 1. Host name of router followed by 2) > symbol Default routers name Router>

1. Type "?" and press enter. This will show you the commands available from this prompt. Do not run any of the commands yet,

1. You are now in 'User mode' or 'User Exec Mode'

1. User Mode (identified by the prompt >)

• Like a view only mode
• Limited show commands i.e. show flash, show version, , ping, traceroute (how packets travel)
• On your router type in the 'Show Version' command as shown to gather information about your IOS.

1. To change a router setting, one needs to elevate their privileges (enter a higher mode) Type 'enable' and press enter. This will take you into Privileged Exec Mode or Enable Mode

1. Privileged Exec Mode (identified by the # prompt)

• You have more control + do more (you have access to more commands i.e. access to configuration and management commands e.g. show flash, version, ip interface brief, ip route, running-config, startup-config), ping, trace, copy, erase, make some changes but not in a position to configure (no changes) to the router

1. Type "?". This will show you the commands available from this prompt

1. ? = context sensitive help In User mode the help that follows will be commands available from user mode, in privilege exec mode, the help that follows will be commands available from that privileged exec mode etc.

1. To get into the mode where you can made 'dangerous' decisions, you need access to 'global configuration mode'

Global configuration mode and other specific configuration modes can only be accessed from Privileged Exec Mode.

1. Type "config t" while in Privileged Exec Mode to enter 'Global configuration mode' (identified by the (config) # prompt). Once in this mode you can made some real changes e.g. change router configuration

1. Type "interface fastethernet 0/0". This is the configuration for the Ethernet port. Interface Mode: configurations done on the specific interface. Now type in the remaining two command to setup and IP address, SM and turn on the interface.

1. Go back to privileged mode via exit or end command or Press CTRL-Z or type 'exit' to exit from config mode, to privileged mode.

1. In privileged mode, "show running-config" to show how your router is configured. There should not be much information here yet.....

1. Type "show history" to view the recent commands that you typed.

1. Type "disable" to exit privileged mode

1. You can use abbreviated commands when in the IOS e.g. enable or en or enab or enabl. Enter priv mode by typing 'en' (as shown)

PART B: Changing router hostname and add a banner (motd)

1. Start with a brand new router (2621XM), and enter configuration mode on the terminal via privileged mode (as shown)

Note that the router that you are configuring should be named Router0.

1. Change the router's host name

• Helps to better a network by uniquely naming each router the within the network
• Type "hostname RouterHR" to change the name of the router to RouterHR
• Note that your prompt has now changed to reflect the new hostname i.e. RouterHR(config)#

1. Banner MOTD

• Message that you configure to display each time someone tries to log into the router
• Used as a legal means of warning anyone they will be held accountable if they go any further

• When you reload the router, you will see the banner message

PART C: Adding passwords

1. We will now add security to your router by adding some passwords. The first two passwords that you will enter are the enable and the enable secret password. Both of these passwords are used to challenge users as they enter privileged mode.

1. Enable password

• Enter config mode and type enable password donkey

• Now let's try the password. Go back to User Mode and attempt to enter Privileged Exec Mode
• You will be prompted for a password.

• Type donkey (the password will not be displayed) and the password should be accepted, and you should now be in privileged mode.

• Type "show running-config" while in privileged mode. Notice that your password is displayed in the configuration and is NOT encrypted.

1. Enable secret

• Supersedes enable password
• Enter config mode and type enable secret monkey

• Now let's try the password. Go back to User Mode and attempt to enter Privileged Exec Mode
• You will be prompted for a password.
• Try donkey

• Notice that your access is denied.

• Now try monkey
• Your password should be accepted, and you should now be in privileged mode.

• Type "show running-config" while in privileged mode. Notice that your secret password (monkey) is displayed in the configuration and IS encrypted while enable password (donkey) is still not encrypted.

PART D: Saving & Restoring Configurations

• Enter privileged mode (should now be password protected) and type "show running-config" to show how your router is configured.

• Your running configuration is the settings that are currently stored in memory on your router.
• Your startup configuration is the configuration that the router will load when you reboot.
• Since these are not always the same, it is important to save your running configuration to your startup configuration,whenever permanent changes are made to the router's configuration.

• Enter config mode and change the name of your router to RouterFinance

• Now we exit out of the router simulator completely, by entering "reload" in enable mode. When the router reinitializes, it will NOT have saved the hostname change that you made.

• Once again make the host name change to RouterFinance
• This time we will type "copy running-config startup-config" to save the configuration in memory to your start-up configuration.
• Once this is saved, exit out of the router simulator completely, by entering "reload"in enable mode.
• When the router reinitializes this time, it will have saved the hostname change that you made.

AT THIS POINT, YOU HAVE LEARNED HOW TO: How to navigate through the different prompts on your router. How to display different information screens on your router. How to change the hostname of your router. How to configure and remove passwords on your router. How to save your configurations on your router.

PART E: Setting up the Interfaces

• Drag and drop a second 2621XM router into the window.
• Click on 2621XM icon for the added router
• Select the "Physical Tab" for this new router.
• "Turn off the power" by selecting the power switch in the simulator.
• Drag the "WIC-1T" module and place it in one of the open slots.
• "Turn power "back on" on simulator.

N.BRepeat this adding of the "WIC-1T" module onto the other router you worked in.

• Connect from the original router (Router1) to the new router (Router2) using "Serial DCE" (icon with a clock). Ensure that you connect from Router1 (serial interface) to Router 2 (serial interface)

Enter the cli on both routers and type the following commands in privileged Exec mode.

• Type "show interface fastethernet 0/0". Note that there is no protocol listed and line protocol is down.
• Type "show interface serial 0/0". Note that there is no protocol listed and line protocol is down.

Select Router1

• Enter configuration mode.
• Type "interface fastethernet 0/0" to enter interface configuration mode for the Ethernet interface.
• Type "ip address 172.10.0.1 255.255.0.0" to assign the IP configuration.
• Type "no shutdown" to enable the interface.
• Type "exit" to leave the Ethernet interface configuration.

• We will set the IP address of the 56K serial connection to 210.16.54.1.
• Type "interface serial 0/0" to enter interface configuration mode for the serial interface.
• Type "ip address 210.16.54.1 255.255.255.0" to assign the IP address and subnet mask.
• Type "bandwidth 56" to set the bandwidth. This setting is measured in Kbps.
• Type "clock rate 56000" to set the DCE rate.
• Type "no shutdown" to enable the interface.

Select Router 2

• Type "interface fastethernet 0/0" to enter interface configuration mode for the Ethernet interface.
• Type "ip address 172.10.0.2 255.255.0.0" to assign the IP configuration.
• Type "no shutdown" to enable the interface.
• Type "exit" to leave the Ethernet interface configuration.
• Type "interface serial 0/0" to enter interface configuration mode for the serial interface.
• Type "ip address 210.16.54.2 255.255.255.0" to assign the IP address and subnet mask.
• Type "no shutdown" to enable the interface.
• Type "exit" to leave the serial interface configuration.
• Type "ctrl-z" to leave config mode.

Now we can check our configurations:

• Make sure you are in privileged mode.
• The serial connection lights have now turned 'green'

• Type "show interface serial 0/0". Note that line protocol is up.
• Type "show running-config". Keep hitting return key to scroll down for Note the IP addresses of Ethernet0 and Serial0 entries

Answer rating: 100% (QA)

Summary of the configuration steps for the router in your lab 1 Start by launching Cisco Packe... View the full answer