II$.$

II$.1($a$)$ Determine the tensile development length required for straight development of the uncoated #$8$ bars shown if normal weight concrete is used. $f_c^{\text{'}}=4000$ psi and $f_y=60,000$ psi. Assume side, top, and bottom cover in all cases to be at least $2\mathrm{.}5$ inches.

$($b$)$ Repeat part $($a$)$ if the #$8$ bars are developed with $180$ hooks. Assume ${}_s=1\mathrm{.}0$