import turtle
import math
import random

def next_y_position(y,ht):
   """ Returns the next y-position, given current position y and height ht """
   next = y + ht + 30
   return next
def drawRect(t, len, wid):
   """ Draws a rectangle using turtle t with sides len and wid """
   for side in [len, wid, len, wid]:
       t.forward(side)
       t.left(90)
      # define the function to draw a filled circle
def drawFilledCircle(t, radius):
   """ Draws a filled circle of radius rad using turtle t """
   t.begin_fill()
   t.circle(rad)
   t.end_fill()
   # define the function to draw an equilateral triangle
def drawEquilateralTriangle(t, side):
  """ Draws an equilateral triangle using turtle t with sides of length side """
  for i in range(3):
   t.forward(side)
   t.left(120)
# define the function to calculate the length of a side of an equilateral triangle with a given area
def getSide(len, wid):
  """ Returns the length of a triangle side with an area of len * wid """
  return math.sqrt(len * wid * 4 / math.sqrt(3))
# define the function to calculate the radius of a circle with a given area
def getRad(len, wid):
  """ Returns the radius of a circle with an area of len * wid """
  return math.sqrt(len * wid / math.pi)

# a function that generates a random number between 1 and 10 and prints it out
def print_random_number():
   num = random.randrange(1, 10)
   print("Random number:", num)
   
# Call the function
print_random_number()

def main():
   
    #named constants
   screen_size = 500
   screen_startx = 60 # x coordinate of the left edge of the graphics window
   # Set up the window and its attributes
   wn = turtle.Screen()              
   wn.setup(screen_size, screen_size, screen_startx, 0)
   wn.bgcolor("yellow")
   
   axel = turtle.Turtle()
   axel.speed(7)

   # Initial turtle position near left edge, toward the bottom
   xpos = -screen_size/2 + 20
   ypos = -screen_size/2 + 50  
   axel.up()
   axel.goto(xpos,ypos)
   axel.down()
   
   # y-dimension of each rectangle
   width = 50
   
   # draw three sets of shapes - same width(y-dimension) but different lengths
   for length in [25, 55, 75]:
       # Draw the rectangle
       drawRect(axel, length, width)
       # Here's code to draw a rectangle - before putting in a function
       #for side in [length, width, length, width]:
           #axel.forward(side)
           #axel.left(90)
       # Draw an equilateral triangle with sides the same as rectangle length    
       for _ in range(3):
           axel.forward(length)
           axel.left(120)
       # Move a little to the right of the rectangle
       axel.up()
       axel.forward(2*length)
       axel.down()
       # Draw a circle with the same area as the rectangle
       radius = math.sqrt(length*width/math.pi)
       
       axel.begin_fill()
       axel.circle(radius)
       axel.end_fill()
       # Move a little to the right of the circle
       axel.up()
       axel.forward(2*radius)
       axel.down()
       
       # Draw an equilateral triangle with same area as rectangle
       tri_side = math.sqrt(length*width*4/math.sqrt(3))
       for _ in range(3):
           axel.forward(tri_side)
           axel.left(120)
       # Move a little to the right of the triangle
       axel.up()
       axel.forward(2*tri_side)
       axel.down()
       
       # Draw a circle with the same diameter as the triangle side
       axel.begin_fill()
       axel.circle(tri_side/2)
       axel.end_fill()        
             
       # Calculate the next vertical position for a set of shapes
       ypos = next_y_position(ypos,width)

   
       # Put turtle to left side of screen at correct height
       axel.up()
       axel.goto(xpos,ypos)
       axel.down()        
     
def drawFilledCircle(t, rad):
   """ Draws a filled circle of radius rad using turtle t """
   t.begin_fill()
   t.circle(rad)
   t.end_fill()
def drawEquilateralTriangle(t, side):
  """ Draws an equilateral triangle using turtle t with sides of length side """
  for i in range(3):
   t.forward(side)
   t.left(120)

# Close window nicely after loop finishes
   wn.exitonclick()        
# Run the main function. This should be the last statement in the file.

main()

 

1-  Run the main function. This should be the last statement in the file