In a large city school system with 46 elementaryschools, the school board is considering the adoption of a new policy that would require elementary students to pass a test in order to be promoted to the next grade. The PTA wants to find out whether parents agree with this plan. Listed below are some of the ideas proposed for gathering data. Foreach, indicate what kind of sampling strategy is involved and what(if any) biases might result. Assume the schools are homogeneous and differ from each other

a) Randomly select 50 parents from each elementary school. Send them a survey. and follow up with a home visit if they do not return the survey within a week. Which kind of sampling strategy is involved? 0 A. This sampling strategy is systematic sampling. 0 B. This sampling strategy is a voluntary response sample. 6) C. This sampling strategy is stratied sampling. 0 D. This sampling strategy is convenience sampling. What kind of bias {if any) is most likely to result? 0 A. Undercoverage bias could result since only parents involved with the PTA will be sampled. Q) B. Bias could result only ifthe sampling strategy is not followed as described. 0 0. Voluntary response bias will result since only parents who feel strongly about the issue will respond. 0 D. Response bias could result since the PTAwanls parents to agree to this plan. b) Send a survey home with every student, and ask parents to fill it out and return it within a week. Which kind of sampling strategy is involved? O A. This sampling strategy is cluster sampling. O B. This sampling strategy is a voluntary response sample. O C. This sampling strategy is a simple random sample. O D. This sampling strategy is an attempt at a census. What kind of bias (if any) is most likely to result? O A. Response bias could result since the PTA wants parents to agree to this plan. O B. Voluntary response bias will result since only parents who feel strongly about the issue will respond. O C. Bias could result only if the sampling strategy is not followed as described. O D. Nonresponse bias could result since not all parents will respond.c) List the names of all the students alphabetically and contact the parent of every 50th student. Which kind of sampling strategy is involved? O A. This sampling strategy is systematic sampling. O B. This sampling strategy is cluster sampling. O C. This sampling strategy is stratified sampling. O D. This sampling strategy is an attempt at a census. What kind of bias (if any) is most likely to result? O A. Undercoverage bias could result since only parents involved with the PTA will be sampled. O B. Voluntary response bias will result since only parents who feel strongly about the issue will respond. O C. Response bias could result since the PTA wants parents to agree to this plan. O D. Bias could result only if the sampling strategy is not followed as described.d] Randomly select one of the elementary schools and contact the parents of every student. Which kind of sampling strategy is involved? O A. This sampling strategy is systematic sampling. C! B. This sampling strategy is an attempt at a census. C! C. This sampling strategy is cluster sampling. 0 D. This sampling strategy is convenience sampling. What kind of bias [if any} is most likely to result? Q A. Nonresponse bias could result sinoe net all parents will respond. C: B. Undercoverage bias could result since the parents in the sample may not be representative of all parents. O C. Response bias could result since the PTAwants parents to agree to this plan. C} D. Underedverage bias could result since only parents involved with the PTA 1.vill be sampled