In C#$,$ In this exercise, you will create a simple simulation of an animal kingdom using classes, inheritance, and polymorphism in C#$.$ The goal is to practice designing base and derived classes, understand the concept of method overriding, and see polymorphism in action.

Task Description

You are tasked with creating a program that simulates basic behaviors of different types of animals in a zoo. Your program should include a base class named Animal and at least three derived classes such as Bird, Mammal, and Reptile. Each derived class should override a common method to exhibit unique behaviors.

Step $1$: Create the Base Class

Define an abstract base class Animal with the following features:

A property Name of type string.

An abstract method MakeSound$()$ that returns void. This method will be overridden in derived classes to print the sound the animal makes.

A virtual method Eat$()$ that prints a general message about eating habits, e$.$g$.,$ "This animal eats food."

Step $2$: Create Derived Classes

Create three derived classes that inherit from Animal:

Override MakeSound$()$ For example to print a bird$-$specific sound, e$.$g$.,$ "Chirp".

Optionally, override Eat$()$ to print a bird$-$specific eating habit, e$.$g$.,$ "This bird eats seeds."

Step $3$: Demonstrate Polymorphism

In your Main method, demonstrate polymorphism by:

Creating an array or list of Animal objects and populating it with instances of Bird, Mammal, and Reptile.

Iterating over the collection and calling both MakeSound$()$ and Eat$()$ on each Animal object. Observe how the correct method is called based on the actual object type, not the variable type.

public abstract class Animal

$\{$

public string Name $\{$ get; set; $\}$

public abstract void MakeSound$()$;

public virtual void Eat$()$

$\{$

Console.WriteLine$("$This animal eats food."$)$;

$\}$

$\}$

$//$ Example derived class

public class Bird : Animal

$\{$

public override void MakeSound$()$

$\{$

Console.WriteLine$("$Chirp$")$;

$\}$

public override void Eat$()$

$\{$

Console.WriteLine$("$This bird eats seeds."$)$;

$\}$

$\}$

$//$ Main method

static void Main$($string$[]$ args$)$

$\{$

List zoo $=$ new List

$\{$

new Bird $\{$ Name $=$ "Parrot" $\},$

$//$ Add more animals

$\}$;

foreach $($var animal in zoo$)$

$\{$

Console.WriteLine$($animal$.$Name$)$;

animal.MakeSound$()$;

animal.Eat$()$;

$\}$

$\}$