In class, we compared the operation of a stop$-$and$-$wait protocol with the operation of a pipelined

protocol for communication between a host located on the West Coast of the United States and a host

located on the East Coast $($see the figure below$).$ Suppose the speed$-$of$-$light round$-$trip propagation delay

$($RTT$)$ between these hosts is $30$ milliseconds. Also, suppose these hosts are connected by a channel with

a transmission rate of $1\mathrm{.}5Gbps.$ If the size of a packet is $1,500$ bytes $($including both header fields and

data$),$ how big would the window size have to be for the channel utilization to be greater than $95$ percent?

$($a$)$ a stop$-$and$-$wait protocol in operation

$($b$)$ a pipelined protocol in operation