in$"""$

Module to check violations for a flight lesson.

This module processes the primary violations, which are violations of weather restrictions.

Weather restrictions express the minimum conditions that a pilot is allowed to fly in$.$

So if a pilot has a ceiling minimum of $2000$ feet, and there is cloud cover at $1500$ feet,

the pilot should not fly.To understand weather minimums, you have to integrate three

different files: daycycle.json $($for sunrise and sunset$),$ weather.json $($for hourly weather

observations at the airport$),$ and minimums.csv $($for the schools minimums set by agreement

with the insurance agency$).$ You should look at those files BRIEFLY to familiarize yourself

with them.

This module can get overwhelming if you panic and think too much about the big picture.

Like a good software developer, you should focus on the specifications and do a little

at a time. While these functions may seem like they require a lot of FAA knowledge, all

of the information you need is in the specifications. They are complex specifications,

but all of the information you need is there. Combined with the provided unit tests

in tests.py$,$ this assignment is very doable.

It may seem weird that these functions only check weather conditions at the time of

takeoff and not the entire time the flight is in the air. This is standard procedure

for this insurance company. The school is only liable if they let a pilot take off in

the wrong conditions. If the pilot stays up in adverse conditions, responsibility shifts

to the pilot.

The preconditions for many of these functions are quite messy. While this makes writing

the functions simpler $($because the preconditions ensure we have less to worry about$),$

enforcing these preconditions can be quite hard. That is why it is not necessary to

enforce any of the preconditions in this module.

Author: YOUR NAME HERE

Date: THE DATE HERE

$"""$

import utils

import pilots

import os$.$path

import datetime

import pytz

import csv

import json

from datetime import datetime, timezone

from datetime import datetime, timedelta

from dateutil import parser

torcs, pilots.py$,$ utils.py$,$ violations.py

# FILES TO AUDIT

# Sunrise and sunset

DAYCYCLE $=$ 'daycycle.json'

# Hourly weather observations

WEATHER $=$ 'weather.json'

# The list of insurance$-$mandated minimums

MINIMUMS $=$ 'minimums.csv$\text{'}$

# The list of all registered students in the flight school

STUDENTS $=$ 'students.csv$\text{'}$

# The list of all take$-$offs $($and landings$)$

LESSONS $=$ 'lessons.csv$\text{'}$

def list$\_$weather$\_$violations$($directory$)$:

$"""$

Returns the $($annotated$)$ list of flight reservations that violate weather minimums.

This function reads the data files in the given directory $($the data files are all

identified by the constants defined above in this module$).$ It loops through the

list of flight lessons $($in lessons.csv$),$ identifying those takeoffs for which

get$\_$weather$\_$violation$()$ is not the empty string.

This function returns a list that contains a copy of each violating lesson, together

with the violation appended to the lesson.

Example: Suppose that the lessons

S$00687548$QR I$0612017-01-08$T$14$:$00$:$00-05$:$002017-01-08$T$16$:$00$:$00-05$:$00$ VFR Pattern

S$00758548$QR I$0722017-01-08$T$09$:$00$:$00-05$:$002017-01-08$T$11$:$00$:$00-05$:$00$ VFR Pattern

S$00971426$JQ I$0722017-01-12$T$13$:$00$:$00-05$:$002017-01-12$T$15$:$00$:$00-05$:$00$ VFR Pattern

violate for reasons of 'Winds', 'Visibility', and 'Ceiling', respectively $($and are the

only violations$).$ Then this function will return the $2$d list

$[[$S$00687,548$QR$,$ I$061,2017-01-08$T$14$:$00$:$00-05$:$00,2017-01-08$T$16$:$00$:$00-05$:$00,$ VFR$,$ Pattern, Winds$],$

$[$S$00758,548$QR$,$ I$072,2017-01-08$T$09$:$00$:$00-05$:$00,2017-01-08$T$11$:$00$:$00-05$:$00,$ VFR$,$ Pattern, Visibility$],$

$[$S$00971,426$JQ$,$ I$072,2017-01-12$T$13$:$00$:$00-05$:$00,2017-01-12$T$15$:$00$:$00-05$:$00,$ VFR$,$ Pattern, Ceiling$]]$

REMEMBER: VFR flights are subject to minimums with VMC in the row while IFR flights

are subject to minimums with IMC in the row. The examples above are all VFR flights.

If we changed the second lesson to

S$00758,548$QR$,$ I$072,2017-01-08$T$09$:$00$:$00-05$:$00,2017-01-08$T$11$:$00$:$00-05$:$00,$ IFR, Pattern

then it is possible it is no longer a visibility violation because it is subject to

a different set of minimums.

Parameter directory: The directory of files to audit

Precondition: directory is the name of a directory containing the files 'daycycle.json',

'weather.json', 'minimums.csv$\text{'},$ 'students.csv$\text{'},$ and 'lessons.csv$\text{'}$

$"""$