In peer$-$to$-$peer $($P$2$P$)$ lending, what primarily determines the interest rate offered to a borrower, and what does this imply about the borrower's risk profile?

The interest rate is set arbitrarily by the platform and is uniform for all borrowers.

The borrower's detailed risk assessment$$including credit scoring$$determines the rate, with higher rates reflecting higher risk and potential return for investors.

A flat rate is applied to all loans to maintain market uniformity, with risk mitigated by third$-$party insurance.

The interest rate inversely correlates with the borrower's credit score, such that lower scores yield lower rates to attract more investors.