In Seine Lecture Assignment $($worth $20$ pts$).$ Upload your answer on Canvas. No $$dot pages$$ submissions

accepted. Please use Word or PDF formats.

For most of the semester in the laboratory portion of the course, you have engaged in a variety of Case

History exercises $($i$.$e$.,$ Barf Burger, Urine Trouble, Shark!, Nailed it$,$ and Uh Oh$).$ Those exercises exposed

you to scenarios, work$-$ups, and interpretation of your findings. These exercises notably exposed you to the

Scientific Method. This assignment is designed to assess your mastery of that method.

Recall the Summer $2024$ Olympics where events that involved the Seine River were postponed due to high

levels of fecal coliforms in the water due to excessive rains and run off. You are now familiar with coliform

bacteria, i$.$e$.,$ E$.$ coli, Klebsiella spp$.,$ Salmonella spp$.,$ Citrobacter spp$.$ and more. Recall working with

biochemical and chromogenic media.

The Scientific Method was in play during the Olympics to determine not only the safety of the water for

human contact, but also to determine the source$($s$)$ of the coliform bacteria and how to mitigate the

contamination. While this is an obvious example of the Scientific Method in action, the reality is that you

engage in the Scientific Method all the time. Your dishwasher isn$$t working? Why? What are the

possibilities? Where to start? Did you guess correctly? How do you know? See what I mean? Thus, our

command of this methodology can lead to important answers, explanations, directions and discoveries.

Answer the following questions which are a mix of short answer and multiple choice questions. Upload your

answers onto Canvas by Wednesday, December $11,2024$ no later than $10$:$00$ am PST$.$

$1.$ Matching: Match the descriptions to a step in the Scientific Method: $(12$ pts$)$

a$.$ An unusual number of individuals coming to the ED in one day with vomiting and diarrhea.

b$.23$ fecal samples were gathered and E$.$ coli were isolated.

c$.$ E$.$ coli isolates were screened for Shiga$-$toxin genes

d$.$ Despite the isolation of E$.$ coli from all patients, only two isolates from one patient were

characterized as an STEC and this patient works on a cattle farm.

e$.$ STECs are the cause of patients$$ illness.

f$.$ STECs were not the cause of the patients$$ illness

$\_\_\_\_\_$ hypothesis

$\_\_\_\_\_\_$ data

$\_\_\_\_\_\_\_$ results

$\_\_\_\_\_\_\_$ observation

$\_\_\_\_\_\_\_$ conclusions

$\_\_\_\_\_\_\_$ experimentation

$2.$ Are results and data the same? Justify your answer. $(2$ pts$)$

$3.$ Recall in lecture, our discussion about Frederick Griffith$$s experiment that led to the discovery of

bacterial transformation. What was the importance of incorporating a $$CONTROL$$ in this and any

experiment? $(4$ pts$)$

$4.$ What do you do when your hypothesis is disproven? $(2$ pts$)$