In the space below, describe which technology$--$the OS or Middleware$--$is most responsible for each activity.

To ensure clarity: There are only two choices: OS or Middleware. If you believe there is a joint responsibility, select the one $($OS or Middleware$)$ that is MOST responsible.

Creating a directory on a remote machine $(5$ points$)$

Creating a communication channel from a process on one machine to a process on another machine $(5$ points$)$

Creating a socket on a machine $(5$ points$)$

Detecting the failure of a socket on a machine $(5$ points$)$

Detecting the failure of a communication channel between two, or more, machines $(5$ points$)$

Trapping an interrupt $(5$ points$)$