Indicate the most accurate statement:

a$.$

A litigant who is dissatisfied with the outcome of a matter, always has one appeal as of right.

b$.$

A court hearing an appeal from a lower court, as in the case of a court of first instance, consists of a single judge.

c$.$

The Constitutional Court is the highest court of appeal in respect of all civil matters.

d$.$

An appeal from a magistrates court may only be noted against a decision which is final in effect.