Indicate whether or not the following instructions are lazy:

$($a$)$ rdd $=$ sc$.$parallelize$([(\text{'}$COMP$4103\text{'},54),(\text{'}$COMP$4103\text{'},64),($ 'COMP$4008\text{'},87)])$

$($b$)$ print$($rdd$.$collect $())$

$($c$)$ rdd$.$filter $($lambda $x$:$x[1]<mn\; id="EditorElement\_306180">1</mn><mn\; id="EditorElement\_306181">0</mn><mi\; id="EditorElement\_306131">)</mi>$

$($d$)$ rdd$.$mapPartitions $($lambda $x$:$x)$