Inputs:

$-$ N: An integer

$-$ r: A floating$-$point number

$-$ x: A floating$-$point number

$-$ y: A floating$-$point number

Returns:

A numpy array I of floating point numbers and shape $($N$,$ N$)$ such that:

I$[$i$,$ j$]=1$ if $||($j$,$ i$)-($x$,$ y$)||<$ r

I$[$i$,$ j$]=0$ otherwise

In $2$ lines of code

Hints:

$1)$ np$.$meshgrid and np$.$arange give you X$,$ Y$.$ Play with them. You can also do

it without them, but np$.$meshgrid and np$.$arange are easier to understand.

$2)$ Arrays have an astype method