Introduction

Read the overview below and complete the activities that follow.

Application of the $14$th Amendment

The State of Delaware has enacted a series of new laws. These laws, and the justification for these laws, must be examined to determine adherence to Constitutional requirements and precepts.

CONCEPT REVIEW:

Analyzing this case will require an understanding of:

$--$how state and federal laws will apply when they overlap or conflict,

$--$how due process protects citizens and businesses,

$--$how the equal protection clause requires states to meet certain varying standards when justifying the enactment of laws.

Case Analysis

Read the case below and answer the questions that follow.

A new governor has been elected in Delaware and he is determined to clean up the state and to set it on a path of moral righteousness and economic sensibility$.$ Since the governor's political party controls the state legislature, he is able to get the following laws passed.

$$ The annual cost of hunting and fishing licenses are increased $5\%$ for citizens of Delaware and $8\%$ for non$-$Delaware residents.

$$ Money is appropriated to start a brand new state university called the Delaware College of Ethical and Moral Leadership. Delaware hopes to cultivate a generation of capable graduates that will lead the state in the future. This new college will be open only to male students because the governor and the legislature believe that men are born leaders and that women can never be a man's equal in terms of leadership and decision making.

$$ In order to boost job opportunities, the state enacts a minimum wage of $$7\mathrm{.}00$ per hour. The current federal minimum wage is $$7\mathrm{.}25.$

$$ In order to reduce the overcrowded courts, hearings with regard to criminal matters with a fine of less than $$10,000$ and$/$or a prison sentence of less than three $(3)$ years are determined final with no right of appeal.

$$ The age to marry without parental consent is raised from $18$ to $19$ years old.

MC Qu$.02$ If the state raises the age of $...$

If the state raises the age of marriage to nineteen $(19),$ those who wish to challenge the change based on equal protection under the Fourteenth Amendment would pursue the challenge under $\_\_\_\_\_.$

Multiple Choice

limited scrutiny

the rational basis test

strict scrutiny

minimum rationality

quasi$-$strict scrutiny