Is there a difference between "tax-free" (aka pre-tax) and a "tax credit"? If so, what is the difference?

2. Do you agree with Reinhardt's view that from an economic standpoint, employer-sponsored health insurance is illogical? Why?

Note: The issue in question 2 is not if you favor employers offering health insurance benefits, or if you agree with theHobby Lobbydecision. The question calls for analyzing if allowing employers to chose the employees health insurance plan, and disconnecting the consumer (i.e., the employee) from price sensitivity is beneficial for the health care system.

3. Who is the "insurer" when:

(a) An individual is covered under a self-insured employer-sponsored insurance (ESI) plan operated by a third party administrator (e.g., BlueCrossBlueShield)?

(b) An individual purchases anOrangeCrossOrangeShieldinsurance plan from the health insurance exchange (i.e., individual market) using a federal subsidy?