is there an example in the text where design principles were met/achieved or not metot achieve

The final examples we will discuss are forests. More specifically we look at the most effective ways to protect forests. Due to the importance of forests for biodiversity, there has been an increasing focus on creating parks and protected areas. One key concern is whether these areas are best protected by putting a fence around them or allowing human populations to continue to occupy them and help with conservation efforts. A related concern is whether designated areas become \"paper parks,\" L.e., areas set aside for protection on paper, but in practice, the lack of enforcement allows for a lot of poaching and illegal logging. Ostrom and Nagendra (2006) discuss long-term studies of land use change to test which type of management is most effective. They compared governmental, community, and private forests and found that the particular form of ownership is not important for the condition of the forests as measured by the quality and size of the trees. More important is whether boundaries have been well established in the field and are considered legitimate and whether regular monitoring and enforcement of rules related to entry and use exist (Figure 6.6). Whether the boundaries are considered legitimate depends on whether people have lived in the protected area before or if surrounding populations have used the re- sources over an extended period of time. If the boundaries are considered legitimate, how can they be monitored? For exam- ple, if indigenous populations are taken out of the protected areas (as has been the ap- proach in several cases), one also loses po- tential monitoring capacity and it is not un- common to see an increase in poaching in Figure 6.6: Bicycles and trucks confiscated fram people caught illegally removing large logs from the forests. Note protected areas. Rather than relying in in- jhe circular modification in the cycle frame (Inset) made to digenous populations, perhaps paid guards hold large logs of teak wood. are the answer? What are the incentives facing paid guards to monitor and enforce the rules? If guards are not paid well, they might be willing to accept bribes and not bother those who harvest illegally. This has also been observed frequently. Community forests (as opposed to those run by the state with paid monitoring and sanctioning)