Janis $(1982)$ explains that groupthink leads to poor decision making through seven different defects: Incomplete survey of alternatives, Incomplete survey of objectives, Failure to examine the risks of the preferred choice, Failure to reappraise initially rejected alternatives, Poor information search, Selective bias in processing information at hand, Failure to work out contingency plans, Which defects of decision making do you see in the decisions of the PHS researchers and the CDC$?$