Journalizing Direct Materials and Direct Labor Transactions (Appendix). Hal’s Heating produces furnaces for commercial buildings. (This is the same company as the previous exercises. This exercise can be assigned independently.)

Direct materials and direct labor variances for the month of January are shown as follows.

Materials price variance	$(2,000) favorable
Materials quantity variance	$ 800 unfavorable
Labor rate variance	$ 10,000 unfavorable
Labor efficiency variance	$(21,600) favorable

Required:

1. The company purchased 1,000 elements during the month for $38 each. Assuming a standard price of $40 per element, prepare a journal entry to record the purchase of raw materials for the month.
2. The company used 980 elements in production for the month, and the flexible budget shows the company expected to use 960 elements. Assuming a standard price of $40 per element, prepare a journal entry to record the usage of raw materials in production for the month.
3. The company used 10,000 direct labor hours during the month with an actual rate of $19 per hour. The flexible budget shows the company expected to use 11,200 direct labor hours at a standard rate of $18 per hour. Prepare a journal entry to record direct labor costs for the month.