Just need a response for the 2 post below

Post 1:

Businesses are expected to operate ethically, but the definition of ethics is wife encompassing concepts such as virtue, right, wrong, and vice. According to Minnesota State University (2001), the questions of What actions are right? Why are right actions rights? fall under part of philosophy called ethics and give a person an idea of the things that comprise ethics. While there are five moral theories, relativism, universalism, absolutism, nihilism, and skepticism, they all work to define what is or is not ethics and why ethics exist. Relativism and universalism are perhaps the most common moral theories. Trebilcock (2016) describes universalism as a moral theory arguing that all human beings have a shared and common humanity which dictates some universal values. There are no differences, and ideas have universal applications, with this theory being based on one fundamental truth rather than multiple and conflicting truths. This theory is based on the belief that right and wrong are always the same irrespective of ideology, culture, species, or time period (Ayars & Nicholas, 2020). Therefore, if one states that businesses are profitable and that is why people open them, then this is considered true or false, and there is no alternative answer to such a belief.

Despite universalism considering everything as either wrong or right, many cultures, people, communities, and groups have claimed that their moral system is uniquely privileged in one way or the other. Therefore, ethical relativism has gained popularity as people are diverse with diverse minds, processes, and cultures, which determine right or wrong. Relativism argues that nothing is universal in human beings and values are created by culture; without universal culture, there cannot be universal values (Chin, 2015). Moral codes and values are embedded in different cultures which believe in these moral codes. While there are certain values we universally agree on, there are others that are specific to a group of people or a given culture. For instance, Christians believe that there is a supernatural being with control over what human beings do, while atheists believe in no such supernatural being utilizing science to prove things that exist. While each has a varying concept of how things happen, they all agree on the value of human life. This implies that while universalism and relativism theories argue differently on morality, they complement each other as there are universal aspects of life and relative ones.

Post 2:

An effective corporate social responsibility strategy considers cultural, demographic, and individual needs from both a broad (universal) perspective and a targeted (relativism) perspective. Universal ethics is the belief that moral values and norms apply to everyone, no matter cultural or societal (Adewole, 2014, pp. 49-50 boundaries ).

Universalists argue that certain rights and protections - freedom of speech, democracy, the rule of law - are standard or, at least, should be available to all people. When companies operate globally, the universal moral value system developed due to global business interactions is called Global Business Moral Order (GBMO). The GBMO are practices and guides that regulate international business behavior by applying general practices. The GBMO supports that to "build a truly great, global business, business leaders need to adopt a global standard of ethical practices" (George, 2008, para. 1).

Ethical relativism is the belief that ethics have no absolute truths and that what is morally right or wrong varies from person to person or society. In essence, relativism is the view that whatever you think is right is morally right or wrong depends on what someone thinks - is suitable for you, and what is right for you is entirely up to you to decide. Ethical relativism also subscribes to the notion that different cultures have different values and that it is impossible to say that one system or idea is better than another.

An example of universal ethics is the U.S. government intervention in Kosovo, Sierra Leone, and Iraq, which was predicated on the belief that the people in those countries should be extended the democratic rights that most people in the West take for granted (Anderson, 2006, para. 4).

In contrast, in the U.S., we focus on individual rights to remain faithful to their ancestral cultures. That has furthered the perception that the U.S. is a "melting pot" where diverse groups maintain separate identities, values, and norms. Thus, the U.S. government has been universalist overseas and relativist domestically.