Lab $1$: Data visualization

In this assignment you are going to handle some basic input operations including validation and manipulation, and then some output operations to take some data and format it in a way that$$s presentable $($i$.$e$.$ readable to human eyes$).$

Functions that you will need to use:

getline$($istream&$,$ string&$)$

This function allows you to get input for strings, including spaces. It reads characters up to a newline character $($for user input, this would be when the $$enter$$ key is pressed$).$ The first parameter is typically cin, with the second parameter a string you want to read, like this:

string input;

getline$($cin$,$ input$)$;

setw$($int$)$

This looks like a function, but is really a stream manipulator. It allows you to specify how many characters the next output should be$.$ This is useful when trying to line things up different outputs. $($For more information look at section $12\mathrm{.}1$ Output formatting$)$

int stoi$($string&$)$

This function takes a string, converts it to an integer and returns that integer. For example, the string $"-24"$ returns an integer with the value of $-24.$ If it is unable to convert $($i$.$e$.$ the string contains $$Batman$),$ an exception of type invalid$\_$argument is thrown, which you will need to catch if you want your program to continue.

try$/$catch

Not functions, but keywords, these are used to handle exceptions. Sometimes operations can fail to generate the correct results, while other times they may fail to generate ANY result. This could be due to incorrect input, going out of bounds of an array, and a variety of other cases. For more information, look at section $15\mathrm{.}1$ Exception basics.

Input Processing

Handling input will require the following steps:

Get input from the user in the form of a string $($see the getline$()$ function, above$)$

Check to see if that string has ONE comma in it

Split the string based on that comma into two parts

Convert the second part into an integer

Input Validation

For strings, validation is typically handled by checking to see if a string is equal to something, or perhaps whether it contains a certain character, or number of characters, etc.

For numeric values, though, while we typically validate whether its in a certain range or not, there is the possibility of something not being a number to begin with $($for example, the user enters $$dinosaur$$ when prompted to enter a number$).$

Assignment Details

$(1)$ Prompt the user for a title for data. Output the title. $(1$ pt$)$