Question: LD F 0 , 0 ( R 1 ) DIVD F 2 , F 0 , F 1 LD F 3 , 0 ( R
LD FR DIVD F F F LD FR DIVD F F F ADDD F F F ADDD F F F SD FR ADDI R R # ADDI R R # SLTI R R # BGEZ R foo
There are five stages: Fetch F Decode D Execution X Memory M and Write back W Each stage takes clock cycle except for the execution stage which takes a variable number of cycles depending on the functional unit used: ALU Integer: clock cycle FPInteger multiplier: clock cycles, pipelined FP adder: clock cycles, pipelined FPInteger divider: clock cycles, nonpipelined All loads stores complete their memory access during Memory cycle. If there is any structural hazard, assume the earliest instruction gets priority and other instructions are stalled in Decode stage. In addition, a register read and a write in the same clock cycle forwards through the register file. a Show the timing of this instruction sequence for the above pipeline under which forwarding and bypassing hardware is implemented only for integer instructions. Assume that the branch is handled by predictingitas not taken and it is completed in two clock cycles. points b Show the timing of this instruction sequence for the above pipeline under which forwarding and bypassing hardware is implemented for both integer and floatingpoint instructions. Assume that the branch is handled by predictingitas not taken and it is completed in two clock cycles. points Note: All load and store instructions should be considered as the integer instructions.
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