Lead Time

complete.

Shipping Department is located next to testing. Thus, there is no move time between these two operations. Packaging and labeling requires $10$ minutes per unit.

Required:

and move time. Round the percentage to one decimal place.

Value$-$added lead time $,$ min.

Non$-$value$-$added lead time:

Move time in this process could best be reduced by:

a$.$ Doing nothing.

b$.$ Changing the layout from a process orientation to a product orientation.

c$.$ Increasing batch sizes.

d$.$ Eliminating the testing step.

e$.$ Hiring more workers.