Lean experts define a process step as value added if:a$.$ The manufacturer recognizes the value, it lowers cost, and it is done right the first timeb. The organization has developed exceptional design teams and the product is made faster than beforec. The customer recognizes the value, it changes the product, and is done right the first timed. The customer recognizes the value, the industry is globally transformed, and there is no gray area between value and non$-$valuec