Learning Goal:

To understand the relation between acceleration and velocity change by focusing on velocity as a vector:

The motion diagram shown in the figure represents a pendulum released from rest at an angle of $45$ from the vertical. The dots in the motion diagram $($Figure $1$ represent the positions of the pendulum's bob at eleven moments $($labeled $0$ through $10)$ in time; the black arrows between adjacent dots $($moments$)$ represent the average velocities. Equal time intervals separate the dots. Also given is a "compass rose" in which directions are identified by letters of the alphabet.