LEARNING OBJECTIVE: Calculate the p-value from a given z-test statistic.

Spencer randomly samples the out-of-state tuition and fees for 25 public universities and found a mean of $21,032 with a standard deviation of $2,494. Using the alternative hypothesis that < $21,706, Spencer found a z test statistic of -1.35.

Given the data provided, what is the p-value of the z-test statistic? Answer choices are rounded to the thousandths place.

A.) 0.089

B.) 0.829

C.) 0.911

D.) 0.171